这实际上是一个长期存在的谎言。虽然C程序确实经常更快，但情况并非总是如此，特别是当C程序员不太擅长它的时候。

人们往往会忘记的一个明显的漏洞是，当程序必须为某种IO阻塞时，比如任何GUI程序中的用户输入。在这些情况下，使用什么语言并不重要，因为您受到数据传入速度的限制，而不是处理数据的速度。在这种情况下，不管你使用的是C、Java、c#甚至Perl;你不能比数据进入的速度更快。

The other major thing is that using garbage collection and not using proper pointers allows the virtual machine to make a number of optimizations not available in other languages. For instance, the JVM is capable of moving objects around on the heap to defragment it. This makes future allocations much faster since the next index can simply be used rather than looking it up in a table. Modern JVMs also don't have to actually deallocate memory; instead, they just move the live objects around when they GC and the spent memory from the dead objects is recovered essentially for free.

This also brings up an interesting point about C and even more so in C++. There is something of a design philosophy of "If you don't need it, you don't pay for it." The problem is that if you do want it, you end up paying through the nose for it. For instance, the vtable implementation in Java tends to be a lot better than C++ implementations, so virtual function calls are a lot faster. On the other hand, you have no choice but to use virtual functions in Java and they still cost something, but in programs that use a lot of virtual functions, the reduced cost adds up.

The lack of abstraction is what makes C faster. If you write an output statement you know exactly what is happening. If you write an output statement in java it is getting compiled to a class file which then gets run on a virtual machine introducing a layor of abstraction. The lack of object oriented features as a part of the language also increases it's speed do to less code being generated. If you use C as an object oriented language then you are doing all the coding for things such as classes, inharitence, etc. This means rather then make something generalized enough for everyone with the amount of code and the performance penelty that requires you only write what you need to get the job done.

这都是时间和努力的问题。

给予无限的时间和努力:

汇编程序比用C语言编写的程序要快。 C程序将比用c++编写的程序更快。

固定的:给定一定的时间和努力:

c++程序比用C编写的程序要快。 C语言的程序比用汇编语言编写的程序要快。

为什么?因为你做的抽象越多，你就可以花更多的时间来优化真正重要的代码关键部分。这里的几个假设是，一个开发人员对这三种语言都有同样的能力，你不关心二进制大小、内存使用情况等。

每种抽象都有其成本效益，但应该使代码更容易、更快地编写。

主要的因素是它是一种静态类型的语言，可以编译为机器代码。此外，由于它是一种低级语言，它通常不会做任何您不让它做的事情。

这些是我想到的其他一些因素。

Variables are not automatically initialized No bounds checking on arrays Unchecked pointer manipulation No integer overflow checking Statically-typed variables Function calls are static (unless you use function pointers) Compiler writers have had lots of time to improve the optimizing code. Also, people program in C for the purpose of getting the best performance, so there's pressure to optimize the code. Parts of the language specification are implementation-defined, so compilers are free to do things in the most optimal way

大多数静态类型语言的编译速度可以和C语言一样快，甚至比C语言更快，特别是如果它们可以假设C语言因为指针别名等原因而不能这样做的话。

只需在您的IDE中逐步检查机器代码，您就会看到为什么它更快(如果它更快的话)。它省去了很多手把手的环节。很有可能你的Cxx也会被告知不要使用，在这种情况下，它应该是相同的。

编译器优化被高估了，就像几乎所有关于语言速度的看法一样。

优化生成的代码只会对热点代码产生影响，也就是说，没有函数调用(显式或隐式)的紧凑算法。在其他地方，收效甚微。

一些c++算法比C快，其他语言中的算法或设计模式的一些实现可能比C快。

当人们说C语言很快，然后转向谈论其他语言时，他们通常是在用C语言的性能作为基准。