如何配置和使用两个数据源?

例如,这是我的第一个数据源:

application.properties

#first db
spring.datasource.url = [url]
spring.datasource.username = [username]
spring.datasource.password = [password]
spring.datasource.driverClassName = oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

#second db ...

应用程序类

@SpringBootApplication
public class SampleApplication
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SampleApplication.class, args);
    }
}

如何修改应用。属性添加另一个数据源?我如何自动装配它以供不同的存储库使用?


当前回答

参考官方文件


创建多个数据源的工作方式与创建第一个数据源相同。如果您正在为JDBC或JPA使用默认的自动配置,那么您可能希望将其中一个标记为@Primary(然后任何@Autowired注入都将接收该配置)。

@Bean
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="datasource.primary")
public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="datasource.secondary")
public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

其他回答

这里是完整的解决方案

#First Datasource (DB1)
db1.datasource.url: url
db1.datasource.username:user
db1.datasource.password:password

#Second Datasource (DB2)
db2.datasource.url:url
db2.datasource.username:user
db2.datasource.password:password

因为我们要访问两个不同的数据库(db1, db2),所以我们需要分别配置每个数据源配置,如下所示:

public class DB1_DataSource {
@Autowired
private Environment env;
@Bean
@Primary
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean db1EntityManager() {
    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    em.setDataSource(db1Datasource());
    em.setPersistenceUnitName("db1EntityManager");
    HibernateJpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
    em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
    HashMap<string, object=""> properties = new HashMap<>();
    properties.put("hibernate.dialect",
            env.getProperty("hibernate.dialect"));
    properties.put("hibernate.show-sql",
            env.getProperty("jdbc.show-sql"));
    em.setJpaPropertyMap(properties);
    return em;
}

@Primary
@Bean
public DataSource db1Datasource() {

    DriverManagerDataSource dataSource
            = new DriverManagerDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClassName(
            env.getProperty("jdbc.driver-class-name"));
    dataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("db1.datasource.url"));
    dataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("db1.datasource.username"));
    dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("db1.datasource.password"));

    return dataSource;
}

@Primary
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager db1TransactionManager() {

    JpaTransactionManager transactionManager
            = new JpaTransactionManager();
    transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(
            db1EntityManager().getObject());
    return transactionManager;
}
}

第二数据源:

public class DB2_DataSource {

@Autowired
private Environment env;

@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean db2EntityManager() {
    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em
            = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    em.setDataSource(db2Datasource());
    em.setPersistenceUnitName("db2EntityManager");
    HibernateJpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter
            = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
    em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
    HashMap<string, object=""> properties = new HashMap<>();
    properties.put("hibernate.dialect",
            env.getProperty("hibernate.dialect"));
    properties.put("hibernate.show-sql",
            env.getProperty("jdbc.show-sql"));
    em.setJpaPropertyMap(properties);
    return em;
}

@Bean
public DataSource db2Datasource() {
    DriverManagerDataSource dataSource
            = new DriverManagerDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClassName(
            env.getProperty("jdbc.driver-class-name"));
    dataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("db2.datasource.url"));
    dataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("db2.datasource.username"));
    dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("db2.datasource.password"));

    return dataSource;
}

@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager db2TransactionManager() {
    JpaTransactionManager transactionManager
            = new JpaTransactionManager();
    transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(
            db2EntityManager().getObject());
    return transactionManager;
}
}

你可以在我的博客上找到完整的例子: 使用多个数据源配置的Spring引导

参考官方文件


创建多个数据源的工作方式与创建第一个数据源相同。如果您正在为JDBC或JPA使用默认的自动配置,那么您可能希望将其中一个标记为@Primary(然后任何@Autowired注入都将接收该配置)。

@Bean
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="datasource.primary")
public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="datasource.secondary")
public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

如果两个数据源位于相同的db location/server上,@Primary注释用于下面的方法效果很好。

@Bean(name = "datasource1")
@ConfigurationProperties("database1.datasource")
@Primary
public DataSource dataSource(){
  return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

@Bean(name = "datasource2")
@ConfigurationProperties("database2.datasource")
public DataSource dataSource2(){
  return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

如果数据源在不同的服务器上,最好使用@Component和@Primary注释。下面的代码片段适用于位于不同位置的两个不同数据源

database1.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/db1
database1.datasource.username = root
database1.datasource.password = mysql
database1.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

database2.datasource1.url = jdbc:mysql://192.168.113.51:3306/db2
database2.datasource1.username = root
database2.datasource1.password = mysql
database2.datasource1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

@Configuration
@Primary
@Component
@ComponentScan("com.db1.bean")
class DBConfiguration1{
    @Bean("db1Ds")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="database1.datasource")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

}

@Configuration
@Component
@ComponentScan("com.db2.bean")
class DBConfiguration2{
    @Bean("db2Ds")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="database2.datasource1")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

}

给你。

添加到您的应用程序中。属性文件:

#first db
spring.datasource.url = [url]
spring.datasource.username = [username]
spring.datasource.password = [password]
spring.datasource.driverClassName = oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

#second db ...
spring.secondDatasource.url = [url]
spring.secondDatasource.username = [username]
spring.secondDatasource.password = [password]
spring.secondDatasource.driverClassName = oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

在任何带@Configuration注解的类中添加以下方法:

@Bean
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.datasource")
public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}

@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.secondDatasource")
public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
# Here '1stDB' is the database name
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/A
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
 
 
# Here '2ndDB' is the database name
spring.second-datasourcee.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/B
spring.second-datasource.username=root
spring.second-datasource.password=root
spring.second-datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
@Bean
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSource firstDataSource() {
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
 
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.second-datasource")
public DataSource secondDataSource() {
   return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}