我知道如何通过编程来做到这一点,但我相信有一种内置的方式……

我使用过的每种语言都有某种对象集合的默认文本表示,当您试图将Array与字符串连接起来或将其传递给print()函数等时,它会吐出这些文本表示。苹果的Swift语言是否有一种内置的方式,可以轻松地将数组转换为字符串,或者我们总是必须显式地对数组进行字符串化?


当前回答

可以使用print函数打印任何对象

或者使用\(name)将任何对象转换为字符串。

例子:

let array = [1,2,3,4]

print(array) // prints "[1,2,3,4]"

let string = "\(array)" // string == "[1,2,3,4]"
print(string) // prints "[1,2,3,4]"

其他回答

如果数组包含字符串,你可以使用String的join方法:

var array = ["1", "2", "3"]

let stringRepresentation = "-".join(array) // "1-2-3"

在Swift 2中:

var array = ["1", "2", "3"]

let stringRepresentation = array.joinWithSeparator("-") // "1-2-3"

如果您想使用特定的分隔符(连字符、空格、逗号等),这可能很有用。

否则,你可以简单地使用description属性,它返回数组的字符串表示形式:

let stringRepresentation = [1, 2, 3].description // "[1, 2, 3]"

提示:任何实现Printable协议的对象都有一个description属性。如果你在自己的类/结构中采用该协议,你也可以使它们打印友好

在Swift 3中

join变为joined,示例[nil, "1", "2"].flatMap({$0}).joined() joinWithSeparator变成了joined(separator:)(仅适用于字符串数组)

在Swift 4中

var array = ["1", "2", "3"]
array.joined(separator:"-")

对于某些语言(如希伯来语或日语),分隔符可能不是一个好主意。 试试这个:

// Array of Strings
let array: [String] = ["red", "green", "blue"]
let arrayAsString: String = array.description
let stringAsData = arrayAsString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16)
let arrayBack: [String] = try! JSONDecoder().decode([String].self, from: stringAsData!)

对于其他数据类型,分别为:

// Set of Doubles
let set: Set<Double> = [1, 2.0, 3]
let setAsString: String = set.description
let setStringAsData = setAsString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf16)
let setBack: Set<Double> = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Set<Double>.self, from: setStringAsData!)

为数组创建扩展:

extension Array {

    var string: String? {

        do {

            let data = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: self, options: [.prettyPrinted])

            return String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)

        } catch {

            return nil
        }
    }
}

Swift 2.0 Xcode 7.0 beta 6以上使用joinWithSeparator()代替join():

var array = ["1", "2", "3"]
let stringRepresentation = array.joinWithSeparator("-") // "1-2-3"

joinWithSeparator被定义为SequenceType的扩展

extension SequenceType where Generator.Element == String {
    /// Interpose the `separator` between elements of `self`, then concatenate
    /// the result.  For example:
    ///
    ///     ["foo", "bar", "baz"].joinWithSeparator("-|-") // "foo-|-bar-|-baz"
    @warn_unused_result
    public func joinWithSeparator(separator: String) -> String
}

对于swift 3:

func textField(textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersInRange range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {
    if textField == phoneField
    {
        let newString = NSString(string: textField.text!).replacingCharacters(in: range, with: string)
        let components = newString.components(separatedBy: NSCharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted)

        let decimalString = NSString(string: components.joined(separator: ""))
        let length = decimalString.length
        let hasLeadingOne = length > 0 && decimalString.character(at: 0) == (1 as unichar)

        if length == 0 || (length > 10 && !hasLeadingOne) || length > 11
        {
            let newLength = NSString(string: textField.text!).length + (string as NSString).length - range.length as Int

            return (newLength > 10) ? false : true
        }
        var index = 0 as Int
        let formattedString = NSMutableString()

        if hasLeadingOne
        {
            formattedString.append("1 ")
            index += 1
        }
        if (length - index) > 3
        {
            let areaCode = decimalString.substring(with: NSMakeRange(index, 3))
            formattedString.appendFormat("(%@)", areaCode)
            index += 3
        }
        if length - index > 3
        {
            let prefix = decimalString.substring(with: NSMakeRange(index, 3))
            formattedString.appendFormat("%@-", prefix)
            index += 3
        }

        let remainder = decimalString.substring(from: index)
        formattedString.append(remainder)
        textField.text = formattedString as String
        return false
    }
    else
    {
        return true
    }
}