这里有一个简单的一行代码

$ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']?: $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']?: $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];

编辑:

上面的代码可能会返回保留地址(如10.0.0.1)，所有代理服务器的地址列表，等等。 要处理这些情况，请使用以下代码:

function valid_ip($ip) {
    // for list of reserved IP addresses, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses
    return $ip && substr($ip, 0, 4) != '127.' && substr($ip, 0, 4) != '127.' && substr($ip, 0, 3) != '10.' && substr($ip, 0, 2) != '0.' ? $ip : false;
}

function get_client_ip() {
    // using explode to get only client ip from list of forwarders. see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Forwarded-For
    return
    @$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'] ? explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], 2)[0] :
    @$_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'] ? explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'], 2)[0] :
    valid_ip(@$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ?:
    'UNKNOWN';
}

echo get_client_ip();

我最喜欢的解决方案是Zend Framework 2使用的方式。它还考虑$_SERVER属性HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR, HTTP_CLIENT_IP, REMOTE_ADDR，但是它声明了一个类来设置一些可信代理，并且它返回一个IP地址而不是一个数组。我认为这是最接近它的解决方案:

class RemoteAddress
{
    /**
     * Whether to use proxy addresses or not.
     *
     * As default this setting is disabled - IP address is mostly needed to increase
     * security. HTTP_* are not reliable since can easily be spoofed. It can be enabled
     * just for more flexibility, but if user uses proxy to connect to trusted services
     * it's his/her own risk, only reliable field for IP address is $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'].
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    protected $useProxy = false;

    /**
     * List of trusted proxy IP addresses
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $trustedProxies = array();

    /**
     * HTTP header to introspect for proxies
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $proxyHeader = 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR';

    // [...]

    /**
     * Returns client IP address.
     *
     * @return string IP address.
     */
    public function getIpAddress()
    {
        $ip = $this->getIpAddressFromProxy();
        if ($ip) {
            return $ip;
        }

        // direct IP address
        if (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
            return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
        }

        return '';
    }

    /**
     * Attempt to get the IP address for a proxied client
     *
     * @see http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-appsawg-http-forwarded-10#section-5.2
     * @return false|string
     */
    protected function getIpAddressFromProxy()
    {
        if (!$this->useProxy
            || (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) && !in_array($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'], $this->trustedProxies))
        ) {
            return false;
        }

        $header = $this->proxyHeader;
        if (!isset($_SERVER[$header]) || empty($_SERVER[$header])) {
            return false;
        }

        // Extract IPs
        $ips = explode(',', $_SERVER[$header]);
        // trim, so we can compare against trusted proxies properly
        $ips = array_map('trim', $ips);
        // remove trusted proxy IPs
        $ips = array_diff($ips, $this->trustedProxies);

        // Any left?
        if (empty($ips)) {
            return false;
        }

        // Since we've removed any known, trusted proxy servers, the right-most
        // address represents the first IP we do not know about -- i.e., we do
        // not know if it is a proxy server, or a client. As such, we treat it
        // as the originating IP.
        // @see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Forwarded-For
        $ip = array_pop($ips);
        return $ip;
    }

    // [...]
}

在这里查看完整代码: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zendframework/zend-http/master/src/PhpEnvironment/RemoteAddress.php

你可以使用下面的函数

function get_client_ip() {
    $ipaddress = '';
    if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']))
        $ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
    else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
        $ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
    else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED']))
        $ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
    else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR']))
        $ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
    else if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED']))
        $ipaddress = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];
    else if(isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
        $ipaddress = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    else
        $ipaddress = 'UNKNOWN';
    return $ipaddress;
}

这里有一个简单的一行代码

$ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']?: $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP']?: $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];

编辑:

上面的代码可能会返回保留地址(如10.0.0.1)，所有代理服务器的地址列表，等等。 要处理这些情况，请使用以下代码:

function valid_ip($ip) {
    // for list of reserved IP addresses, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses
    return $ip && substr($ip, 0, 4) != '127.' && substr($ip, 0, 4) != '127.' && substr($ip, 0, 3) != '10.' && substr($ip, 0, 2) != '0.' ? $ip : false;
}

function get_client_ip() {
    // using explode to get only client ip from list of forwarders. see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Forwarded-For
    return
    @$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'] ? explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'], 2)[0] :
    @$_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'] ? explode(',', $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'], 2)[0] :
    valid_ip(@$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ?:
    'UNKNOWN';
}

echo get_client_ip();

在PHP中，获取公共IP的最后一个选项应该始终是$_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]，因为有太多的安全原因。

下面是获取客户端已验证的IP地址的变通方法。

public static function getPublicIP() : string
    {
        $realIP = "Invalid IP Address";

        $activeHeaders = [];

        $headers = [
            "HTTP_CLIENT_IP",
            "HTTP_PRAGMA",
            "HTTP_XONNECTION",
            "HTTP_CACHE_INFO",
            "HTTP_XPROXY",
            "HTTP_PROXY",
            "HTTP_PROXY_CONNECTION",
            "HTTP_VIA",
            "HTTP_X_COMING_FROM",
            "HTTP_COMING_FROM",
            "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR",
            "HTTP_X_FORWARDED",
            "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP",
            "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR",
            "HTTP_FORWARDED",
            "ZHTTP_CACHE_CONTROL",
            "REMOTE_ADDR" #this should be the last option
        ];

        #Find active headers
        foreach ($headers as $key)
        {
            if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER))
            {
                $activeHeaders[$key] = $_SERVER[$key];
            }
        }

         #Reemove remote address since we got more options to choose from
        if(count($activeHeaders) > 1)
        {
            unset($activeHeaders["REMOTE_ADDR"]);
        }

        #Pick a random item now that we have a secure way.
        $realIP = $activeHeaders[array_rand($activeHeaders)];

        #Validate the public IP
        if (filter_var($realIP, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV4))
        {
            return $realIP;
        }

        return $realIP;
    }

正如您在这里看到的，$_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]是IP的最后一个选项。在收到IP后，我们也验证IP，以确保质量和安全。

其中之一:

    $ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    $ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'];
    $ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
    $ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED'];
    $ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR'];
    $ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_FORWARDED'];