import os
import pip
from subprocess import call, check_call

pip_check_list = ['pip', 'pip3']
pip_list = []
FNULL = open(os.devnull, 'w')


for s_pip in pip_check_list:
    try:
        check_call([s_pip, '-h'], stdout=FNULL)
        pip_list.append(s_pip)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass


for dist in pip.get_installed_distributions():
    for pip in pip_list:
        call("{0} install --upgrade ".format(pip) + dist.project_name, shell=True)

我接受了拉玛纳的回答，并使其变得友好。

要在默认python版本中升级所有pip默认包，只需在终端或命令提示符中运行底部python代码：

import subprocess
import re


pkg_list = subprocess.getoutput('pip freeze')

pkg_list = pkg_list.split('\n')


new_pkg = []
for i in pkg_list:
    re.findall(r"^(.*)==.*", str(i))
    new = re.findall(r"^(.*)==.*", str(i))[0]
    new_pkg.append(new)

for i in new_pkg:
    print(subprocess.getoutput('pip install '+str(i)+' --upgrade'))

使用pipupgrade。。。最新版本2019

$ pip install pipupgrade
$ pipupgrade --verbose --latest --yes

pipupgrade帮助您从requirements.txt文件升级系统、本地或软件包！它还选择性地升级不破坏更改的包。

pipupgrade还确保升级多个Python环境中的包。它与Python2.7+、Python23.4+和pip9+、pip10+、pip18+、pip19+兼容。

注：我是该工具的作者。

如果您希望升级仅由pip安装，并且避免升级由其他工具（如apt、yum等）安装的软件包，那么您可以使用我在Ubuntu上使用的脚本（可能也适用于其他发行版）-基于以下帖子：

printf "To update with pip: pip install -U"
pip list --outdated 2>/dev/null | gawk '{print $1;}' | while read; do pip show "${REPLY}" 2>/dev/null | grep 'Location: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages' >/dev/null; if (( $? == 0 )); then printf " ${REPLY}"; fi; done; echo

这似乎更简洁。

pip list --outdated | cut -d ' ' -f1 | xargs -n1 pip install -U

说明：

pip-list——过时的代码行如下

urllib3 (1.7.1) - Latest: 1.15.1 [wheel]
wheel (0.24.0) - Latest: 0.29.0 [wheel]

在cut-d“”-f1中，-d“”将“空格”设置为分隔符，-f1表示获取第一列。

因此，上述行变为：

urllib3
wheel

然后将它们传递给xargs以运行命令pipinstall-U，每一行都作为附加参数

-n1将传递给每个命令pip install-U的参数数限制为1

以下Windows cmd代码段执行以下操作：

将pip升级到最新版本。升级所有过时的软件包。对于正在升级的每个包，检查requirements.txt中的任何版本说明符。

@echo off
Setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2720014/

echo Upgrading pip...
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
echo.

echo Upgrading packages...
set upgrade_count=0
pip list --outdated > pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
for /F "skip=2 tokens=1,3 delims= " %%i in (pip-upgrade-outdated.txt) do (
    echo ^>%%i
    set package=%%i
    set latest=%%j
    set requirements=!package!

    rem for each outdated package check for any version requirements:
    set dotest=1
    for /F %%r in (.\python\requirements.txt) do (
        if !dotest!==1 (
            call :substr "%%r" !package! _substr
            rem check if a given line refers to a package we are about to upgrade:
            if "%%r" NEQ !_substr! (
                rem check if the line contains more than just a package name:
                if "%%r" NEQ "!package!" (
                    rem set requirements to the contents of the line:
                    echo requirements: %%r, latest: !latest!
                    set requirements=%%r
                )
                rem stop testing after the first instance found,
                rem prevents from mistakenly matching "py" with "pylint", "numpy" etc.
                rem requirements.txt must be structured with shorter names going first
                set dotest=0
            )
        )
    )
    rem pip install !requirements!
    pip install --upgrade !requirements!
    set /a "upgrade_count+=1"
    echo.
)

if !upgrade_count!==0 (
    echo All packages are up to date.
) else (
    type pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
)

if "%1" neq "-silent" (
    echo.
    set /p temp="> Press Enter to exit..."
)
exit /b


:substr
rem string substition done in a separate subroutine -
rem allows expand both variables in the substring syntax.
rem replaces str_search with an empty string.
rem returns the result in the 3rd parameter, passed by reference from the caller.
set str_source=%1
set str_search=%2
set str_result=!str_source:%str_search%=!
set "%~3=!str_result!"
rem echo !str_source!, !str_search!, !str_result!
exit /b