设置Windows PowerShell环境变量

我发现设置PATH环境变量只影响旧的命令提示符。PowerShell似乎有不同的环境设置。如何更改PowerShell (v1)的环境变量?

注意:

我希望我的更改是永久性的，这样我就不必每次运行PowerShell时都设置它。PowerShell有配置文件吗?比如Unix上的Bash配置文件?

当前回答

你也可以用以下方法永久地修改用户/系统环境变量(即在shell重新启动时保持不变):

修改系统环境变量

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable
     ("Path", $env:Path, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)

修改用户环境变量

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable
     ("INCLUDE", $env:INCLUDE, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::User)

使用注释-添加到系统环境变量

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable(
    "Path",
    [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", [EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine) + ";C:\bin",
    [EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)

如果你不想写类型，基于字符串的解决方案也是可能的

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", $env:Path + ";C:\bin", "Machine")

2010-04-03 12:06:43

其他回答

打开PowerShell并运行:

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "$ENV:PATH;<path to exe>", "USER")

2019-03-17 14:14:57

这些脚本是幂等的(可以运行多次)。它们更新Windows路径和当前/未来的Powershell会话:

永久添加路径

    $targetDir="c:\bin"
    $oldPath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","Machine")
    $oldPathArray=($oldPath) -split ';'
    if(-Not($oldPathArray -Contains "$targetDir")) {
        write-host "Adding $targetDir to Machine Path"
        $newPath = "$oldPath;$targetDir" -replace ';+', ';'
        [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path",$newPath,"Machine")
        $env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","User"),[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","Machine") -join ";"
    }
    write-host "Windows paths:"
    ($env:Path).Replace(';',"`n")

永久删除路径

    $targetDir="c:\bin"
    $oldPath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","Machine")
    $oldPathArray=($oldPath) -split ';'
    if($oldPathArray -Contains "$targetDir") {
        write-host "Removing $targetDir from Machine path"
        $newPathArray = $oldPathArray | Where-Object { $_ –ne "$targetDir" }
        $newPath = $newPathArray -join ";"
        [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path",$newPath,"Machine")
        $env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","User"),[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","Machine") -join ";"
    }
    write-host "Windows paths:"
    ($env:Path).Replace(';',"`n")

2022-08-23 10:58:17

警告:在PowerShell提示符中执行$env:path >> a.out保存现有路径的副本，以防出现错误。

PowerShell提示符:

setx PATH "$env:path;\the\directory\to\add" -m

然后你应该看到文本:

SUCCESS: Specified value was saved.

重新启动会话，变量就可用了。Setx也可以用来设置任意变量。输入setx /?在文档提示符处。

2012-01-09 13:03:27

所有建议永久更改的答案都有相同的问题:它们破坏了路径注册表值。

SetEnvironmentVariable将REG_EXPAND_SZ值%SystemRoot%\system32转换为c:\ windows \system32的REG_SZ值。

路径中的任何其他变量也会丢失。使用%myNewPath%添加新的将不再工作。

这里有一个脚本Set-PathVariable。我用来解决这个问题的ps1:

 [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess=$true)]
 param(
     [parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
     [string]$NewLocation)

 Begin
 {

 #requires –runasadministrator

     $regPath = "SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment"
     $hklm = [Microsoft.Win32.Registry]::LocalMachine

     Function GetOldPath()
     {
         $regKey = $hklm.OpenSubKey($regPath, $FALSE)
         $envpath = $regKey.GetValue("Path", "", [Microsoft.Win32.RegistryValueOptions]::DoNotExpandEnvironmentNames)
         return $envPath
     }
 }

 Process
 {
     # Win32API error codes
     $ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
     $ERROR_DUP_NAME = 34
     $ERROR_INVALID_DATA = 13

     $NewLocation = $NewLocation.Trim();

     If ($NewLocation -eq "" -or $NewLocation -eq $null)
     {
         Exit $ERROR_INVALID_DATA
     }

     [string]$oldPath = GetOldPath
     Write-Verbose "Old Path: $oldPath"

     # Check whether the new location is already in the path
     $parts = $oldPath.split(";")
     If ($parts -contains $NewLocation)
     {
         Write-Warning "The new location is already in the path"
         Exit $ERROR_DUP_NAME
     }

     # Build the new path, make sure we don't have double semicolons
     $newPath = $oldPath + ";" + $NewLocation
     $newPath = $newPath -replace ";;",""

     if ($pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("%Path%", "Add $NewLocation")){

         # Add to the current session
         $env:path += ";$NewLocation"

         # Save into registry
         $regKey = $hklm.OpenSubKey($regPath, $True)
         $regKey.SetValue("Path", $newPath, [Microsoft.Win32.RegistryValueKind]::ExpandString)
         Write-Output "The operation completed successfully."
     }

     Exit $ERROR_SUCCESS
 }

我在一篇博文中更详细地解释了这个问题。

2016-10-10 13:08:27