错误信息:

“自数据库创建以来,支持‘AddressBook’上下文的模型已经发生了变化。手动删除/更新数据库,或者调用database。带有IDatabaseInitializer实例的SetInitializer。例如,RecreateDatabaseIfModelChanges策略将自动删除并重新创建数据库,并可选地为其添加新数据。”

我正在尝试使用代码优先功能,以下是我写的:

var modelBuilder = new ModelBuilder();
var model = modelBuilder.CreateModel();
using (AddressBook context = new AddressBook(model))
{
    var contact = new Contact
    {
        ContactID = 10000,
        FirstName = "Brian",
        LastName = "Lara",
        ModifiedDate = DateTime.Now,
        AddDate = DateTime.Now,
        Title = "Mr."

    };
    context.contacts.Add(contact);
    int result = context.SaveChanges();
    Console.WriteLine("Result :- "+ result.ToString());
}

上下文类:

public class AddressBook : DbContext
{
    public AddressBook()
    { }
    public AddressBook(DbModel AddressBook)
        : base(AddressBook)
    {

    }
    public DbSet<Contact> contacts { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Address> Addresses { get; set; }
}

和连接字符串:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <connectionStrings>
    <add name="AddressBook" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"  
         connectionString="Data Source=MyMachine;Initial Catalog=AddressBook;
         Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;"/>
    </connectionStrings>
</configuration>

因此,数据库名称是“AddressBook”,当我试图将联系人对象添加到上下文时发生错误。我遗漏了什么吗?


当前回答

I had the same issue - re-adding the migration and updating the database didn't work and none of the answers above seemed right. Then inspiration hit me - I'm using multiple tiers (one web, one data, and one business). The data layer has the context and all the models. The web layer never threw this exception - it was the business layer (which I set as console application for testing and debugging). Turns out the business layer wasn't using the right connection string to get the db and make the context. So I added the connection string to the app config of the business layer (and the data layer) and viola it works. Putting this here for others who may encounter the same issue.

其他回答

以防有人遇到和我一样的情况。

我有数据库首先EF,同时使用asp.net身份

所以我在我的webconfig中有两个connectionStrings,这没有问题。碰巧我创建/运行脚本手动生成asp.net标识表,我不应该这样做。

所以首先DROP所有的asp.net标识表,由你手工创建/从脚本。

DROP TABLE __MigrationHistory
DROP TABLE AspNetRoles
DROP TABLE AspNetUserClaims
DROP TABLE AspNetUserLogins
DROP TABLE AspNetUserRoles
DROP TABLE AspNetUsers

创建自定义上下文初始化项:

public class MyDbContextInitializer : MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyDbContext, Migrations.Configuration>
{
    public override void InitializeDatabase(MyDbContext context)
    {
        bool exists = context.Database.Exists();

        base.InitializeDatabase(context);

        if (!exists)
        {         
            MyDbSeed.Seed(context);
        }
    }       
}

注意迁移。Configuration是Package Manager Console中由迁移命令行生成的类。您可能需要将迁移的内部修饰符更改为公共修饰符。配置类。

并从您的OmModelCreating注册它:

public partial class MyDbContext : DbContext
{

    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        Database.SetInitializer<MyDbContext>(new MyDbContextInitializer());

        //other code for creating model
    }
}

I am reading the Pro ASP.NET MVC 4 book as well, and ran into the same problem you were having. For me, I started having the problem after making the changes prescribed in the 'Adding Model Validation' section of the book. The way I resolved the problem is by moving my database from the localdb to the full-blown SQL Server 2012 server. (BTW, I know that I am lucky I could switch to the full-blown version, so don't hate me. ;-))) There must be something with the communication to the db that is causing the problem.

此错误可能表明连接字符串有问题,以及连接字符串名称是否与数据库上下文声明匹配。

我有这个错误,因为我错误地命名了本地数据库(愚蠢的错误)和web中的连接字符串的名称。“DefaultConnection”的配置与MyDbContext不匹配。

public MyDbContext(): base("DefaultConnection")
{}


<connectionStrings>
    <add name="DefaultConnection" ...
  </connectionStrings>

检查以下步骤

Database.SetInitializer(空);——> Global.asax.cs

2.

你的Context类名应该与之匹配 检查它