如何迭代由空格分隔的单词组成的字符串中的单词？
注意，我对C字符串函数或那种字符操作/访问不感兴趣。比起效率，我更喜欢优雅。我当前的解决方案：
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string s = "Somewhere down the road";
istringstream iss(s);
do {
string subs;
iss >> subs;
cout << "Substring: " << subs << endl;
} while (iss);
}
当前回答
这是我的版本获取了Kev的来源：
#include <string>
#include <vector>
void split(vector<string> &result, string str, char delim ) {
string tmp;
string::iterator i;
result.clear();
for(i = str.begin(); i <= str.end(); ++i) {
if((const char)*i != delim && i != str.end()) {
tmp += *i;
} else {
result.push_back(tmp);
tmp = "";
}
}
}
之后，调用函数并执行以下操作：
vector<string> hosts;
split(hosts, "192.168.1.2,192.168.1.3", ',');
for( size_t i = 0; i < hosts.size(); i++){
cout << "Connecting host : " << hosts.at(i) << "..." << endl;
}
其他回答
我对string和u32string~的一般实现，使用boost:：algorithm：：split签名。
template<typename CharT, typename UnaryPredicate>
void split(std::vector<std::basic_string<CharT>>& split_result,
const std::basic_string<CharT>& s,
UnaryPredicate predicate)
{
using ST = std::basic_string<CharT>;
using std::swap;
std::vector<ST> tmp_result;
auto iter = s.cbegin(),
end_iter = s.cend();
while (true)
{
/**
* edge case: empty str -> push an empty str and exit.
*/
auto find_iter = find_if(iter, end_iter, predicate);
tmp_result.emplace_back(iter, find_iter);
if (find_iter == end_iter) { break; }
iter = ++find_iter;
}
swap(tmp_result, split_result);
}
template<typename CharT>
void split(std::vector<std::basic_string<CharT>>& split_result,
const std::basic_string<CharT>& s,
const std::basic_string<CharT>& char_candidate)
{
std::unordered_set<CharT> candidate_set(char_candidate.cbegin(),
char_candidate.cend());
auto predicate = [&candidate_set](const CharT& c) {
return candidate_set.count(c) > 0U;
};
return split(split_result, s, predicate);
}
template<typename CharT>
void split(std::vector<std::basic_string<CharT>>& split_result,
const std::basic_string<CharT>& s,
const CharT* literals)
{
return split(split_result, s, std::basic_string<CharT>(literals));
}
// adapted from a "regular" csv parse
std::string stringIn = "my csv is 10233478 NOTseparated by commas";
std::vector<std::string> commaSeparated(1);
int commaCounter = 0;
for (int i=0; i<stringIn.size(); i++) {
if (stringIn[i] == " ") {
commaSeparated.push_back("");
commaCounter++;
} else {
commaSeparated.at(commaCounter) += stringIn[i];
}
}
最后你会得到一个字符串向量，句子中的每个元素都用空格隔开。唯一的非标准资源是std:：vector（但由于涉及std:：string，我认为它是可以接受的）。
空字符串保存为单独的项。
LazyString拆分器：
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unordered_set>
using namespace std;
class LazyStringSplitter
{
string::const_iterator start, finish;
unordered_set<char> chop;
public:
// Empty Constructor
explicit LazyStringSplitter()
{}
explicit LazyStringSplitter (const string cstr, const string delims)
: start(cstr.begin())
, finish(cstr.end())
, chop(delims.begin(), delims.end())
{}
void operator () (const string cstr, const string delims)
{
chop.insert(delims.begin(), delims.end());
start = cstr.begin();
finish = cstr.end();
}
bool empty() const { return (start >= finish); }
string next()
{
// return empty string
// if ran out of characters
if (empty())
return string("");
auto runner = find_if(start, finish, [&](char c) {
return chop.count(c) == 1;
});
// construct next string
string ret(start, runner);
start = runner + 1;
// Never return empty string
// + tail recursion makes this method efficient
return !ret.empty() ? ret : next();
}
};
我将此方法称为LazyStringSplitter是因为一个原因——它不会一次性拆分字符串。本质上，它的行为类似于python生成器它公开了一个名为next的方法，该方法返回从原始字符串拆分的下一个字符串我使用了c++11STL中的无序集，因此查找分隔符的速度要快得多下面是它的工作原理
测试程序
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
LazyStringSplitter splitter;
// split at the characters ' ', '!', '.', ','
splitter("This, is a string. And here is another string! Let's test and see how well this does.", " !.,");
while (!splitter.empty())
cout << splitter.next() << endl;
return 0;
}
输出，输出
This
is
a
string
And
here
is
another
string
Let's
test
and
see
how
well
this
does
改进这一点的下一个计划是实施开始和结束方法，以便可以执行以下操作：
vector<string> split_string(splitter.begin(), splitter.end());
谢谢@Jairo Abdiel Toribio Cisneros。它对我有效，但您的函数返回一些空元素。因此，对于没有空的返回，我编辑了以下内容：
std::vector<std::string> split(std::string str, const char* delim) {
std::vector<std::string> v;
std::string tmp;
for(std::string::const_iterator i = str.begin(); i <= str.end(); ++i) {
if(*i != *delim && i != str.end()) {
tmp += *i;
} else {
if (tmp.length() > 0) {
v.push_back(tmp);
}
tmp = "";
}
}
return v;
}
使用：
std::string s = "one:two::three";
std::string delim = ":";
std::vector<std::string> vv = split(s, delim.c_str());
我刚刚写了一个很好的例子，说明如何按符号拆分一个字符，然后将每个字符数组（由符号分隔的单词）放入一个向量中。为了简单起见，我创建了std字符串的向量类型。
我希望这对你有帮助，并且对你可读。
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
void push(std::vector<std::string> &WORDS, std::string &TMP){
WORDS.push_back(TMP);
TMP = "";
}
std::vector<std::string> mySplit(char STRING[]){
std::vector<std::string> words;
std::string s;
for(unsigned short i = 0; i < strlen(STRING); i++){
if(STRING[i] != ' '){
s += STRING[i];
}else{
push(words, s);
}
}
push(words, s);//Used to get last split
return words;
}
int main(){
char string[] = "My awesome string.";
std::cout << mySplit(string)[2];
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
