我发现以下技巧很有用:

Make sure your database engine is configured to accept remote connections: Start > All Programs > SQL Server 2005 > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Click on Surface Area Configuration for Services and Connections Select the instance that is having a problem > Database Engine > Remote Connections Enable local and remote connections Restart instance You may need to create an exception on the firewall for the SQL Server instance and port you are using: Start > Run > Firewall.cpl Click on exceptions tab Add sqlservr.exe (typically located in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.x\MSSQL\Bin, check your installs for the actual folder path) and port (default is 1433) Check your connection string as well From FIX : ERROR : Could not open a connection to SQL Server: Check if your SQL server services is up and running properly: Go to All Programs > Microsoft SQL Server 2008 > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Configuration Manager > SQL Server Services Check to make sure SQL Server service status is Running. In addition, ensure that your remote server is in the same network. Run sqlcmd -L to ascertain if your server is included in your network list. Enable TCP/IP in SQL Server Configuration When two or more SQL Servers are connected across network they do all communication using TCP/IP. The default port of SQL Server installation is 1433. This port can be changed through SQL Server Configuration Manager. TCP/IP should be enabled for SQL Server to be connected. Go to All Programs >> Microsoft SQL Server 2008 >> Configuration Tools >> SQL Server Configuration Manager >> Select TCP/IP Right Click on TCP/IP >> Click on Enable You must restart SQL Server Services for all the changes to take effect. Right click and go to menu properties to select location where default port of SQL Server can be changed.

当我在Visual Studio中遇到这个错误时，

"在建立与SQL Server的连接时，发生了与网络相关或特定于实例的错误。未找到服务器或无法访问服务器。验证实例名称是否正确，SQL Server是否配置为允许远程连接。(提供商:命名管道提供商，错误:40 -无法打开到SQL Server的连接)"

.．.它是在执行下面的c#代码期间，它试图获取我的SQL Server数据以在网格中显示。中断恰好发生在表示connect.Open()的行上:

        using (var connect = Connections.mySqlConnection)
        {
            const string query = "SELECT Name, Birthdate, Narrative FROM Friends";
            using (var command = new SqlCommand(query, connect))
            {
                connect.Open();
                using (var dr = command.ExecuteReader())
                {
                    while (dr.Read())
                    {
                        // blah
                    }
                }
            }
        }

It was inexplicable because the SQL query was very simple, I had the right connection string, and the database server was available. I decided to run the actual SQL query manually myself in SQL Management Studio and it ran just fine and yielded several records. But one thing stood out in the query results: there was some improperly encoded HTML text inside a varchar(max) type field within the Friends table (specifically, some encoded comment symbols of the sort <!-- lodged within the "Narrative" column's data). The suspect data row looked like this:

Name    Birthdate    Narrative
====    =========    ============== 
Fred    21-Oct-79    <!--HTML Comment -->Once upon a time...

注意编码的HTML符号“&lt;”，它代表一个“<”字符。不知何故，它进入了数据库，而我的c#代码无法接收它!它每次都失败在connect.Open()行!在我手动编辑数据库表Friends中的一行数据并输入解码后的“<”字符之后，一切都正常了!这一行应该是这样的:

Name    Birthdate    Narrative
====    =========    ============== 
Fred    21-Oct-79    <!--HTML Comment -->Once upon a time...

我使用下面这个简单的UPDATE语句编辑了一个不好的行。但如果你有几行违规的HTML编码，你可能需要一个更详细的UPDATE语句，使用REPLACE函数:

UPDATE Friends SET Narrative = '<!--HTML Comment -->Once upon a time...' WHERE Narrative LIKE '&lt%'

因此，这个故事的寓意是(至少在我的情况下)，在将HTML内容存储到数据库之前清理它，这样您就不会在第一时间得到这个神秘的SQL Server错误!(如果你需要更多信息，正确地消毒/解码你的HTML内容是另一个值得单独在StackOverflow搜索的讨论主题!)

为什么这个错误是如此烦人和嘈杂，只是因为它可以发生在不同的情况。

我已经做了上面所有的方法，但还是很糟糕。所以，在向下浏览之前，确保你和我做了同样的事情。

也许我不能立即解决你的问题，但我可以给你指明一个方向或思路(最后滑下来的那个人)。我已经开始思考我的运行程序的错误发生后，我确保实例名是明确正确的，并设置我的数据库，以允许远程控制以下的方法。之后，我怀疑我的SQL连接代码片段发生了错误。

我的问题解决方案:

检查我的sqlconnection函数

单击以查看其配置

新建连接

选择你的服务器名

对我来说，思考在联系的过程中到底发生了什么是有效的。希望我的想法能引导你改正错误。

虽然以上的解决方案应该在90%的情况下工作，但如果你还在阅读这个答案!!您可能正在尝试连接到与预期不同的服务器。这可能是由于配置文件指向不同的SQL服务器，而不是您认为要连接的实际服务器。

至少在我身上发生过。

对我来说，解决方案是调用互联网提供商开放端口1433。

出于某种原因，他们阻塞了端口，我甚至无法ping数据库服务器(托管在Azure上)。100%的数据包丢失。

他们打开港口后，一切又恢复了正常。

我发现以下技巧很有用:

Make sure your database engine is configured to accept remote connections: Start > All Programs > SQL Server 2005 > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Click on Surface Area Configuration for Services and Connections Select the instance that is having a problem > Database Engine > Remote Connections Enable local and remote connections Restart instance You may need to create an exception on the firewall for the SQL Server instance and port you are using: Start > Run > Firewall.cpl Click on exceptions tab Add sqlservr.exe (typically located in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.x\MSSQL\Bin, check your installs for the actual folder path) and port (default is 1433) Check your connection string as well From FIX : ERROR : Could not open a connection to SQL Server: Check if your SQL server services is up and running properly: Go to All Programs > Microsoft SQL Server 2008 > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Configuration Manager > SQL Server Services Check to make sure SQL Server service status is Running. In addition, ensure that your remote server is in the same network. Run sqlcmd -L to ascertain if your server is included in your network list. Enable TCP/IP in SQL Server Configuration When two or more SQL Servers are connected across network they do all communication using TCP/IP. The default port of SQL Server installation is 1433. This port can be changed through SQL Server Configuration Manager. TCP/IP should be enabled for SQL Server to be connected. Go to All Programs >> Microsoft SQL Server 2008 >> Configuration Tools >> SQL Server Configuration Manager >> Select TCP/IP Right Click on TCP/IP >> Click on Enable You must restart SQL Server Services for all the changes to take effect. Right click and go to menu properties to select location where default port of SQL Server can be changed.