如何将彩色字符打印到支持彩色字符的Linux终端?
如何判断终端是否支持颜色码?
如何将彩色字符打印到支持彩色字符的Linux终端?
如何判断终端是否支持颜色码?
当前回答
我知道这个问题很老了,但我把这个答案贴出来给未来的读者。我用c++写了一个用于彩色输出的库。这使用操纵者,使工作容易支持跨平台,但没有在这里测试是如何使用这个,
#include "srilakshmikanthanp/ANSI.hpp"
using namespace srilakshmikanthanp;
3位和4位颜色:
// background
std::cout << ansi::BGyellow;
// foreground
std::cout << ansi::FGblue;
// output
std::cout << "Blue on yellow";
// reset
std::cout << ansi::reset;
8位颜色:
// background
std::cout << ansi::BGcolor(157);
// foreground
std::cout << ansi::FGcolor(100);
// outpt
std::cout << "8 bit color";
// reset
std::cout << ansi::reset;
24位颜色:
// background
std::cout << ansi::BGcolor(0, 255, 0);
// foreground
std::cout << ansi::FGcolor(0, 0, 255);
// output
std::cout << "24 bit color";
// reset
std::cout << ansi::reset;
字符串:
使用ansi::str可以很容易地将这个操作符转换为字符串
std::string BGyellow = ansi::str(ansi::BGyellow);
std::string FGblue = ansi::str(ansi::FGblue);
std::string reset = ansi::str(ansi::reset);
std::cout << BGyelow;
// foreground
std::cout << FGblue;
// output
std::cout << "Blue on Yellow";
// reset
std::cout << reset;
你可以在github上找到更多的信息:)
其他回答
从我的理解,一个典型的ANSI颜色代码
"\033[{FORMAT_ATTRIBUTE};{FORGROUND_COLOR};{BACKGROUND_COLOR}m{TEXT}\033[{RESET_FORMATE_ATTRIBUTE}m"
由(名称和编解码器)组成
FORMAT ATTRIBUTE { "Default", "0" }, { "Bold", "1" }, { "Dim", "2" }, { "Italics", "3"}, { "Underlined", "4" }, { "Blink", "5" }, { "Reverse", "7" }, { "Hidden", "8" } FORGROUND COLOR { "Default", "39" }, { "Black", "30" }, { "Red", "31" }, { "Green", "32" }, { "Yellow", "33" }, { "Blue", "34" }, { "Magenta", "35" }, { "Cyan", "36" }, { "Light Gray", "37" }, { "Dark Gray", "90" }, { "Light Red", "91" }, { "Light Green", "92" }, { "Light Yellow", "93" }, { "Light Blue", "94" }, { "Light Magenta", "95" }, { "Light Cyan", "96" }, { "White", "97" } BACKGROUND COLOR { "Default", "49" }, { "Black", "40" }, { "Red", "41" }, { "Green", "42" }, { "Yellow", "43" }, { "Blue", "44" }, { "Megenta", "45" }, { "Cyan", "46" }, { "Light Gray", "47" }, { "Dark Gray", "100" }, { "Light Red", "101" }, { "Light Green", "102" }, { "Light Yellow", "103" }, { "Light Blue", "104" }, { "Light Magenta", "105" }, { "Light Cyan", "106" }, { "White", "107" } TEXT RESET FORMAT ATTRIBUTE { "All", "0" }, { "Bold", "21" }, { "Dim", "22" }, { "Underlined", "24" }, { "Blink", "25" }, { "Reverse", "27" }, { "Hidden", "28" }
有了这些信息,就很容易给字符串“I am a banana!”上色,前景色为“黄色”,背景色为“绿色”,就像这样
"\033[0;33;42mI am a Banana!\033[0m"
或者用c++库着色
auto const& colorized_text = color::rize( "I am a banana!", "Yellow", "Green" );
std::cout << colorized_text << std::endl;
更多关于FORMAT ATTRIBUTE的例子
基础知识
我写了一个c++类,可以用来设置输出的前景色和背景色。这个示例程序用作打印This ->单词<-是红色的示例。格式化它,使单词的前景色为红色。
#include "colormod.h" // namespace Color
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
Color::Modifier red(Color::FG_RED);
Color::Modifier def(Color::FG_DEFAULT);
cout << "This ->" << red << "word" << def << "<- is red." << endl;
}
源
#include <ostream>
namespace Color {
enum Code {
FG_RED = 31,
FG_GREEN = 32,
FG_BLUE = 34,
FG_DEFAULT = 39,
BG_RED = 41,
BG_GREEN = 42,
BG_BLUE = 44,
BG_DEFAULT = 49
};
class Modifier {
Code code;
public:
Modifier(Code pCode) : code(pCode) {}
friend std::ostream&
operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Modifier& mod) {
return os << "\033[" << mod.code << "m";
}
};
}
先进的
您可能希望向该类添加其他特性。它是,例如,可以添加颜色洋红色,甚至样式像粗体。要做到这一点,只需在Code枚举中添加另一个条目。这是一个很好的参考。
我为此写了一个跨平台的库color_ostream,支持ANSI color, 256 color和true color,你所要做的就是直接包括它,并像这样将cout改为rd_cout。
std | basic color | 256 color | true color |
---|---|---|---|
std::cout | color_ostream::rd_cout | color_ostream::rd256_cout | color_ostream::rdtrue_cout |
std::wcout | color_ostream::rd_wcout | color_ostream::rd256_wcout | color_ostream::rdtrue_wcout |
std::cerr | color_ostream::rd_cerr | color_ostream::rd256_cerr | color_ostream::rdtrue_cerr |
std::wcerr | color_ostream::rd_wcerr | color_ostream::rd256_wcerr | color_ostream::rdtrue_wcerr |
std::clog | color_ostream::rd_clog | color_ostream::rd256_clog | color_ostream::rdtrue_clog |
std::wclog | color_ostream::rd_wclog | color_ostream::rd256_wclog | color_ostream::rdtrue_wclog |
这里有一个简单的例子:
//hello.cpp
#include "color_ostream.h"
using namespace color_ostream;
int main([[maybe_unused]] int argc, [[maybe_unused]] char *argv[]) {
rd_wcout.imbue(std::locale(std::locale(),"",LC_CTYPE));
rd_wcout << L"Hello world\n";
rd_wcout << L"Hola Mundo\n";
rd_wcout << L"Bonjour le monde\n";
rd256_wcout << L"\n256 color" << std::endl;
rd256_wcout << L"Hello world\n";
rd256_wcout << L"Hola Mundo\n";
rd256_wcout << L"Bonjour le monde\n";
rdtrue_wcout << L"\ntrue color" << std::endl;
rdtrue_wcout << L"Hello world\n";
rdtrue_wcout << L"Hola Mundo\n";
rdtrue_wcout << L"Bonjour le monde\n";
return 0;
}
你可以使用转义序列,如果你的终端支持的话。例如:
echo \[\033[32m\]Hello, \[\033[36m\]colourful \[\033[33mworld!\033[0m\]
你可以直接编写ANSI转义代码来控制颜色,也可以使用诸如{fmt}这样的库来提供api。
例如:
#include <fmt/color.h>
int main() {
fmt::print(fg(fmt::color::crimson) | fmt::emphasis::bold,
"Hello, {}!\n", "world");
}
打印
大多数现代终端都支持ANSI转义序列,但您可以使用terminfo数据库进行检查。