在MySQL中，如何获得所有外键约束指向特定表的列表?一个特定的专栏?这和Oracle的问题是一样的，但是是MySQL的问题。
当前回答
如果你还想获取外键列的名称:
SELECT i.TABLE_SCHEMA, i.TABLE_NAME,
i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
k.COLUMN_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i
LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k
ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE i.TABLE_SCHEMA = '<TABLE_NAME>' AND i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
ORDER BY i.TABLE_NAME;
其他回答
使用REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME并不总是有效，它可以是一个NULL值。下面的查询可以代替:
select * from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE where TABLE_NAME = '<table>';
作为Node的替代答案，如果你使用InnoDB并定义了FK，你可以查询information_schema数据库，例如:
SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME, TABLE_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
FROM information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = '<schema>'
AND TABLE_NAME = '<table>'
对于<表>中的外键，或
SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME, TABLE_NAME, REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME
FROM information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = '<schema>'
AND REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME = '<table>'
对于<表>的外键
如果需要，还可以获得UPDATE_RULE和DELETE_RULE。
如果你还想获取外键列的名称:
SELECT i.TABLE_SCHEMA, i.TABLE_NAME,
i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, i.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
k.COLUMN_NAME, k.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, k.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS i
LEFT JOIN information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE k
ON i.CONSTRAINT_NAME = k.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE i.TABLE_SCHEMA = '<TABLE_NAME>' AND i.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
ORDER BY i.TABLE_NAME;
如果你使用InnoDB并定义了FK，你可以查询information_schema数据库，例如:
SELECT * FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'myschema'
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_NAME = 'mytable';
这个解决方案不仅会显示所有的关系，还会显示约束的名称，这在某些情况下是必需的(例如drop constraint):
select
concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
information_schema.key_column_usage
where
referenced_table_name is not null;
如果你想检查特定数据库中的表，在查询的最后添加模式名:
select
concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
information_schema.key_column_usage
where
referenced_table_name is not null
and table_schema = 'database_name';
同样，对于特定的列名，添加
table_name = 'table_name
在查询的末尾。
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