我试图在php中生成一个随机密码。
但是我得到的都是'a'返回类型是数组类型,我希望它是字符串。对如何修改代码有什么想法吗?
谢谢。
function randomPassword() {
$alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUWXYZ0123456789";
for ($i = 0; $i < 8; $i++) {
$n = rand(0, count($alphabet)-1);
$pass[$i] = $alphabet[$n];
}
return $pass;
}
这是我的密码助手
class PasswordHelper
{
/**
* generate a secured random password
*/
public static function generatePassword(
int $lowerCaseCount=8,
int $upperCaseCount=8,
int $numberCount=8,
int $specialCount=4
): string
{
$lowerCase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
$upperCase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
$number = '0123456789';
$special = '!@#$%^&*';
$password = self::getRandom($lowerCase, $lowerCaseCount);
$password .= self::getRandom($upperCase, $upperCaseCount);
$password .= self::getRandom($number, $numberCount);
$password .= self::getRandom($special, $specialCount);
return str_shuffle($password);
}
/**
* get a random string from a set of characters
*/
public static function getRandom($set, $length): string
{
$rand = '';
$setLength = strlen($set);
for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++)
{
$rand .= $set[random_int(0, $setLength - 1)];
}
return $rand;
}
}
用法:
PasswordHelper::generatePassword()或PasswordHelper::generatePassword(2,4,5,3)
function password_generate($n, $l, $s)
{
$numbers = '1234567890';
$letters = '1234567890ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
$special = '--!=!@@#++%';
return substr(str_shuffle($numbers), 0, $n).substr(str_shuffle($letters), 0, $l).substr(str_shuffle($special), 0, $s);
}
echo password_generate(2,9,1);
我的答案与上面的一些类似,但我去掉了元音,数字1和0,字母I, j, I, l, O, O, Q, Q, X, X, Y, Y, W, W。原因是:第一个很容易混淆(就像l和1,取决于字体),其余的(从Q开始)是因为它们在我的语言中不存在,所以对于超级终端用户来说可能有点奇怪。字符串仍然足够长。此外,我知道使用一些特殊的标志是理想的,但他们也与一些最终用户相处不好。
function generatePassword($length = 8) {
$chars = '23456789bcdfhkmnprstvzBCDFHJKLMNPRSTVZ';
$shuffled = str_shuffle($chars);
$result = mb_substr($shuffled, 0, $length);
return $result;
}
此外,通过这种方式,我们避免重复相同的字母和数字(不包括匹配情况)
一个简单的代码应该是这样的:
function generatePassword($len){
$az = range("a","z");
$AZ = range("A","Z");
$num = range(0,9);
$password = array_merge($az,$AZ,$num);
return substr(str_shuffle(implode("",$password)),0, $len);
}
// testing
$generate = range(8,32);
foreach($generate as $g){
print "Len:{$g} = " . generatePassword($g)."\n";
}
输出:
Len:8 = G5uFhPKS
Len:9 = aU9x2NjvI
Len:10 = lJE9kxy3oD
Len:11 = tVh2CmpMdHW
Len:12 = ToXYHCPb58Ar
Len:13 = KIFVoLg5NdDzX
Len:14 = eFUabML28tXhf0
Len:15 = iegDCQcIMaxH0ST
Len:16 = sRvDmPo5IkaMqNO0
Len:17 = T5rwVDs6XGAqSU9KN
Len:18 = QwROWAfh1lpoCSaX0H
Len:19 = HP0trD4B9SQeUkNuAGV
Len:20 = P9Fdwqmu782ARHDiKGZM
Len:21 = 3Gxia9LPmCZM68dwe4YOf
Len:22 = ywFjuA2GDg0Oz8LVnCI94M
Len:23 = 16MiEVUgqPRueahlyvJfBz5
Len:24 = sPt0H9NSu5KrJTYeMXbOFgi7
Len:25 = QFKGTypaZlsMRnHPgNbVfIwxm
Len:26 = hbyJXtV81AEuMazS4GdFTINBUg
Len:27 = H3AiD95S4Z8xwMrz2L71GqUunaW
Len:28 = m8W2geIiO7Phc3H5Kyr1XCAs09Dv
Len:29 = MusNfYgOWnbrI62twRBvj38XEcDdi
Len:30 = VgNeILaRT2wvb4J7hzCMSHsquUBtnA
Len:31 = nhUvCxgOS94dsYjzBtcaTou1WIArMQP
Len:32 = AFSVQqCijuPMp0cGJNdDtzYX78erKB9w
Base_convert (uniqid('pass', true), 10,36);
我。e0m6ngefmj4
EDIT
正如我在评论中提到的,长度意味着暴力攻击比定时攻击更有效,所以不必担心“随机生成器有多安全”。安全性,特别是对于这个用例,需要补充可用性,所以上面的解决方案对于所需的问题已经足够好了。
然而,以防你在搜索安全的随机字符串生成器时偶然发现了这个答案(我假设有些人已经基于响应),对于生成令牌之类的东西,以下是此类代码的生成器的样子:
function base64urlEncode($data) {
return rtrim(strtr(base64_encode($data), '+/', '-_'), '=');
}
function secureId($length = 32) {
if (function_exists('openssl_random_pseudo_bytes')) {
$bytes = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length);
return rtrim(strtr(base64_encode($bytes), '+/', '0a'), '=');
}
else { // fallback to system bytes
error_log("Missing support for openssl_random_pseudo_bytes");
$pr_bits = '';
$fp = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'rb');
if ($fp !== false) {
$pr_bits .= @fread($fp, $length);
@fclose($fp);
}
if (strlen($pr_bits) < $length) {
error_log('unable to read /dev/urandom');
throw new \Exception('unable to read /dev/urandom');
}
return base64urlEncode($pr_bits);
}
}