因为TCP保证数据包的传递,因此可以被认为是“可靠的”,而UDP不保证任何东西,数据包可能会丢失。在应用程序中使用UDP而不是TCP流传输数据的优势是什么?在什么情况下UDP是更好的选择,为什么?

我假设UDP更快,因为它没有创建和维护流的开销,但如果一些数据从未到达目的地,这不是无关紧要的吗?


当前回答

我们知道UDP是一种无连接协议,的确如此

适用于需要简单请求-响应通信的流程。 适用于有内部流动、误差控制的工艺 适用于广泛铸造和多播

具体的例子:

用于SNMP 用于RIP等路由更新协议

其他回答

We have web service that has thousands of winforms client in as many PCs. The PCs have no connection with DB backend, all access is via the web service. So we decided to develop a central logging server that listens on a UDP port and all the clients sends an xml error log packet (using log4net UDP appender) that gets dumped to a DB table upon received. Since we don't really care if a few error logs are missed and with thousands of client it is fast with a dedicated logging service not loading the main web service.

如果TCP数据包丢失,将重新发送。这对于依赖于以特定顺序实时处理数据的应用程序来说并不方便。

例如视频流,特别是VoIP(例如Skype)。然而,在这些情况下,一个掉落的包并不是什么大问题:我们的感官并不完美,所以我们甚至可能不会注意到。这就是为什么这些类型的应用程序使用UDP而不是TCP。

UDP是完美的VoIP地址,其中数据包必须发送不考虑其可靠性… 视频聊天是UDP的一个例子(你可以在任何视频聊天期间通过wireshark网络捕获来检查它)。 而且TCP不能与DNS和SNMP协议一起使用。 UDP没有任何开销,而TCP有很多开销

UDP can be used when an app cares more about "real-time" data instead of exact data replication. For example, VOIP can use UDP and the app will worry about re-ordering packets, but in the end VOIP doesn't need every single packet, but more importantly needs a continuous flow of many of them. Maybe you here a "glitch" in the voice quality, but the main purpose is that you get the message and not that it is recreated perfectly on the other side. UDP is also used in situations where the expense of creating a connection and syncing with TCP outweighs the payload. DNS queries are a perfect example. One packet out, one packet back, per query. If using TCP this would be much more intensive. If you dont' get the DNS response back, you just retry.

电子游戏的网络通信几乎都是通过UDP完成的。

速度是最重要的,如果错过更新也无关紧要,因为每次更新都包含玩家所能看到的完整当前状态。