简而言之，模式是整个数据库的定义，因此它包括表、视图、存储过程、索引、主键和外键等。

Schema的行为就像在OOP中看到的父对象一样。所以它本身不是一个数据库。也许这个链接有用。

但是，在MySQL中，这两者是等价的。关键字DATABASE或DATABASES 可以在任何出现的地方替换为SCHEMA或SCHEMAS。例子:

创建数据库<=>创建模式 显示数据库<=>显示模式

MySQL文档

SCHEMA和DATABASE术语是依赖于DBMS的。

Table是一组数据元素(值)，使用垂直列(由其名称标识)和水平行模型组织。数据库通常包含一个或多个表。你把数据存储在这些表中。这些表可能彼此相关(见这里)。

架构->平面图

数据库->房子

桌子->房间

数据库模式是对表、视图、存储过程等对象进行逻辑分组的一种方式。把模式看作是对象的容器。 表是行和列的集合。 所有表的组合构成一个db。

A schema is not a plan for the entire database. It is a plan/container for a subset of objects (ex.tables) inside a a database. This goes to say that you can have multiple objects(ex. tables) inside one database which don't neccessarily fall under the same functional category. So you can group them under various schemas and give them different user access permissions. That said, I am unsure whether you can have one table under multiple schemas. The Management Studio UI gives a dropdown to assign a schema to a table, and hence making it possible to choose only one schema. I guess if you do it with TSQL, it might create 2 (or multiple) different objects with different object Ids.

来自PostgreSQL文档:

A database contains one or more named schemas, which in turn contain tables. Schemas also contain other kinds of named objects, including data types, functions, and operators. The same object name can be used in different schemas without conflict; for example, both schema1 and myschema can contain tables named mytable. Unlike databases, schemas are not rigidly separated: a user can access objects in any of the schemas in the database he is connected to, if he has privileges to do so. There are several reasons why one might want to use schemas: To allow many users to use one database without interfering with each other. To organize database objects into logical groups to make them more manageable. Third-party applications can be put into separate schemas so they do not collide with the names of other objects. Schemas are analogous to directories at the operating system level, except that schemas cannot be nested.