我有一个这样的数据结构:
var someObject = {
'part1' : {
'name': 'Part 1',
'size': '20',
'qty' : '50'
},
'part2' : {
'name': 'Part 2',
'size': '15',
'qty' : '60'
},
'part3' : [
{
'name': 'Part 3A',
'size': '10',
'qty' : '20'
}, {
'name': 'Part 3B',
'size': '5',
'qty' : '20'
}, {
'name': 'Part 3C',
'size': '7.5',
'qty' : '20'
}
]
};
我想使用这些变量访问数据:
var part1name = "part1.name";
var part2quantity = "part2.qty";
var part3name1 = "part3[0].name";
part1name应该用someObject.part1.name的值填充,即“Part 1”。part2quantity也是一样,它的容量是60。
有没有办法实现这与纯javascript或JQuery?
AngularJS有$scope.$eval
在AngularJS中,我们可以使用$scope。$eval方法访问嵌套对象:
$scope.someObject = someObject;
console.log( $scope.$eval("someObject.part3[0].name") ); //Part 3A
有关更多信息,请参见
AngularJS $scope API引用- $eval
演示
angular.module("app",[])
.run(function($rootScope) {
$rootScope.someObject = {
'part2' : {
'name': 'Part 2',
'size': '15',
'qty' : '60'
},
'part3' : [{
'name': 'Part 3A',
'size': '10',
'qty' : '20'
},{
name: 'Part 3B'
}]
};
console.log(
"part3[0].name =",
$rootScope.$eval("someObject.part3[0].name")
);
})
<script src="//unpkg.com/angular/angular.js"></script>
<body ng-app="app"
</body>
这是我使用的解决方案:
function resolve(path, obj=self, separator='.') {
var properties = Array.isArray(path) ? path : path.split(separator)
return properties.reduce((prev, curr) => prev?.[curr], obj)
}
使用示例:
// accessing property path on global scope
resolve("document.body.style.width")
// or
resolve("style.width", document.body)
// accessing array indexes
// (someObject has been defined in the question)
resolve("part3.0.size", someObject) // returns '10'
// accessing non-existent properties
// returns undefined when intermediate properties are not defined:
resolve('properties.that.do.not.exist', {hello:'world'})
// accessing properties with unusual keys by changing the separator
var obj = { object: { 'a.property.name.with.periods': 42 } }
resolve('object->a.property.name.with.periods', obj, '->') // returns 42
// accessing properties with unusual keys by passing a property name array
resolve(['object', 'a.property.name.with.periods'], obj) // returns 42
限制:
不能将方括号([])用于数组下标-尽管在分隔符令牌之间指定数组下标(例如,.)可以正常工作,如上所示。
mohamed Hamouday' Answer的扩展将填补缺失的关键
function Object_Manager(obj, Path, value, Action, strict)
{
try
{
if(Array.isArray(Path) == false)
{
Path = [Path];
}
let level = 0;
var Return_Value;
Path.reduce((a, b)=>{
console.log(level,':',a, '|||',b)
if (!strict){
if (!(b in a)) a[b] = {}
}
level++;
if (level === Path.length)
{
if(Action === 'Set')
{
a[b] = value;
return value;
}
else if(Action === 'Get')
{
Return_Value = a[b];
}
else if(Action === 'Unset')
{
delete a[b];
}
}
else
{
return a[b];
}
}, obj);
return Return_Value;
}
catch(err)
{
console.error(err);
return obj;
}
}
例子
obja = {
"a": {
"b":"nom"
}
}
// Set
path = "c.b" // Path does not exist
Object_Manager(obja,path.split('.'), 'test_new_val', 'Set', false);
// Expected Output: Object { a: Object { b: "nom" }, c: Object { b: "test_new_value" } }
最近遇到了同样的问题,并且成功地使用了https://npmjs.org/package/tea-properties,它也设置了嵌套对象/数组:
get:
var o = {
prop: {
arr: [
{foo: 'bar'}
]
}
};
var properties = require('tea-properties');
var value = properties.get(o, 'prop.arr[0].foo');
assert(value, 'bar'); // true
set:
var o = {};
var properties = require('tea-properties');
properties.set(o, 'prop.arr[0].foo', 'bar');
assert(o.prop.arr[0].foo, 'bar'); // true
以防万一,有人在2017年或以后访问这个问题,并寻找一种容易记住的方法,这里有一篇关于在JavaScript中访问嵌套对象而不被迷惑的详细博客文章
无法读取未定义错误的属性“foo”
使用数组缩减访问嵌套对象
让我们以这个例子结构为例
const user = {
id: 101,
email: 'jack@dev.com',
personalInfo: {
name: 'Jack',
address: [{
line1: 'westwish st',
line2: 'washmasher',
city: 'wallas',
state: 'WX'
}]
}
}
为了能够访问嵌套数组,您可以编写自己的数组reduce util。
const getNestedObject = (nestedObj, pathArr) => {
return pathArr.reduce((obj, key) =>
(obj && obj[key] !== 'undefined') ? obj[key] : undefined, nestedObj);
}
// pass in your object structure as array elements
const name = getNestedObject(user, ['personalInfo', 'name']);
// to access nested array, just pass in array index as an element the path array.
const city = getNestedObject(user, ['personalInfo', 'address', 0, 'city']);
// this will return the city from the first address item.
还有一种出色的类型处理最小库类型可以为您完成所有这些。
使用typy,代码看起来像这样
const city = t(user, 'personalInfo.address[0].city').safeObject;
免责声明:我是这个软件包的作者。