之前我还没有尝试过代码:在下面我张贴 Klaus和user457226解决方案的sql代码版本 它在我的电脑上运行(Postgres 8.3)，只做了一些小调整 克劳斯的版本和我的user457226版本。

克劳斯解决方案:

drop function IF EXISTS rebuilt_sequences() RESTRICT;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION  rebuilt_sequences() RETURNS integer as
$body$
  DECLARE sequencedefs RECORD; c integer ;
  BEGIN
    FOR sequencedefs IN Select
      constraint_column_usage.table_name as tablename,
      constraint_column_usage.table_name as tablename, 
      constraint_column_usage.column_name as columnname,
      replace(replace(columns.column_default,'''::regclass)',''),'nextval(''','') as sequencename
      from information_schema.constraint_column_usage, information_schema.columns
      where constraint_column_usage.table_schema ='public' AND 
      columns.table_schema = 'public' AND columns.table_name=constraint_column_usage.table_name
      AND constraint_column_usage.column_name = columns.column_name
      AND columns.column_default is not null
   LOOP    
      EXECUTE 'select max('||sequencedefs.columnname||') from ' || sequencedefs.tablename INTO c;
      IF c is null THEN c = 0; END IF;
      IF c is not null THEN c = c+ 1; END IF;
      EXECUTE 'alter sequence ' || sequencedefs.sequencename ||' restart  with ' || c;
   END LOOP;

   RETURN 1; END;
$body$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

select rebuilt_sequences();

User457226解决方案:

--drop function IF EXISTS reset_sequence (text,text) RESTRICT;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "reset_sequence" (tablename text,columnname text) RETURNS bigint --"pg_catalog"."void"
AS
$body$
  DECLARE seqname character varying;
          c integer;
  BEGIN
    select tablename || '_' || columnname || '_seq' into seqname;
    EXECUTE 'SELECT max("' || columnname || '") FROM "' || tablename || '"' into c;
    if c is null then c = 0; end if;
    c = c+1; --because of substitution of setval with "alter sequence"
    --EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( "' || seqname || '", ' || cast(c as character varying) || ', false)'; DOES NOT WORK!!!
    EXECUTE 'alter sequence ' || seqname ||' restart with ' || cast(c as character varying);
    RETURN nextval(seqname)-1;
  END;
$body$ LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';

select sequence_name, PG_CLASS.relname, PG_ATTRIBUTE.attname,
       reset_sequence(PG_CLASS.relname,PG_ATTRIBUTE.attname)
from PG_CLASS
join PG_ATTRIBUTE on PG_ATTRIBUTE.attrelid = PG_CLASS.oid
join information_schema.sequences
     on information_schema.sequences.sequence_name = PG_CLASS.relname || '_' || PG_ATTRIBUTE.attname || '_seq'
where sequence_schema='public';

重置所有公共序列

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "reset_sequence" (tablename text) RETURNS "pg_catalog"."void" AS 
$body$  
  DECLARE 
  BEGIN 
  EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' 
  || tablename  
  || '_id_seq'', ' 
  || '(SELECT id + 1 FROM "' 
  || tablename  
  || '" ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1), false)';  
  END;  
$body$  LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';

select sequence_name, reset_sequence(split_part(sequence_name, '_id_seq',1)) from information_schema.sequences
        where sequence_schema='public';

当序列名、列名、表名或模式名中有空格、标点符号等有趣的字符时，这些函数充满了危险。我这样写:

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sequence_max_value(oid) RETURNS bigint
VOLATILE STRICT LANGUAGE plpgsql AS  $$
DECLARE
 tabrelid oid;
 colname name;
 r record;
 newmax bigint;
BEGIN
 FOR tabrelid, colname IN SELECT attrelid, attname
               FROM pg_attribute
              WHERE (attrelid, attnum) IN (
                      SELECT adrelid::regclass,adnum
                        FROM pg_attrdef
                       WHERE oid IN (SELECT objid
                                       FROM pg_depend
                                      WHERE refobjid = $1
                                            AND classid = 'pg_attrdef'::regclass
                                    )
          ) LOOP
      FOR r IN EXECUTE 'SELECT max(' || quote_ident(colname) || ') FROM ' || tabrelid::regclass LOOP
          IF newmax IS NULL OR r.max > newmax THEN
              newmax := r.max;
          END IF;
      END LOOP;
  END LOOP;
  RETURN newmax;
END; $$ ;

你可以为单个序列调用它，通过传递OID，它将返回任何表所使用的默认序列的最大值;或者你可以用这样的查询来运行它，重置数据库中的所有序列:

 select relname, setval(oid, sequence_max_value(oid))
   from pg_class
  where relkind = 'S';

使用不同的qual，只能重置某个模式中的序列，等等。例如，如果你想调整"public"模式中的序列:

select relname, setval(pg_class.oid, sequence_max_value(pg_class.oid))
  from pg_class, pg_namespace
 where pg_class.relnamespace = pg_namespace.oid and
       nspname = 'public' and
       relkind = 'S';

注意，由于setval()的工作方式，您不需要向结果添加1。

作为结束语，我必须警告，一些数据库似乎有默认的序列链接方式，不让系统目录拥有它们的完整信息。当你在psql的\d中看到这样的东西时，就会发生这种情况:

alvherre=# \d baz
                     Tabla «public.baz»
 Columna |  Tipo   |                 Modificadores                  
---------+---------+------------------------------------------------
 a       | integer | default nextval(('foo_a_seq'::text)::regclass)

请注意，该默认子句中的nextval()调用除了::regclass强制转换外，还有一个::text强制转换。我认为这是由于数据库是从旧的PostgreSQL版本pg_dump'ed。上面的sequence_max_value()函数将忽略这样一个表。为了解决这个问题，你可以重新定义DEFAULT子句，以直接引用序列而不进行强制转换:

alvherre=# alter table baz alter a set default nextval('foo_a_seq');
ALTER TABLE

然后psql会正确显示它:

alvherre=# \d baz
                     Tabla «public.baz»
 Columna |  Tipo   |             Modificadores              
---------+---------+----------------------------------------
 a       | integer | default nextval('foo_a_seq'::regclass)

一旦您修复了这个问题，这个函数就可以正确地工作于这个表以及所有其他可能使用相同序列的表。

ALTER SEQUENCE sequence_name RESTART WITH (SELECT max(id) FROM table_name); 是行不通的。

复制自@tardate答案:

SELECT setval(pg_get_serial_sequence('table_name', 'id'), MAX(id)) FROM table_name;

试着重建索引。

更新:正如评论中指出的，这是对最初问题的回答。

这里有很多很好的答案。在重新加载Django数据库后，我也有同样的需求。

但我需要:

All in one功能 可以一次修复一个或多个模式吗 可以修复所有或只是一个表的时间 还想要一个很好的方式来确切地看到什么改变了，或没有改变

这似乎与最初的要求非常相似。 多亏了Baldiry和Mauro让我找到了正确的方向。

drop function IF EXISTS reset_sequences(text[], text) RESTRICT;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION reset_sequences(
    in_schema_name_list text[] = '{"django", "dbaas", "metrics", "monitor", "runner", "db_counts"}',
    in_table_name text = '%') RETURNS text[] as
$body$
  DECLARE changed_seqs text[];
  DECLARE sequence_defs RECORD; c integer ;
  BEGIN
    FOR sequence_defs IN
        select
          DISTINCT(ccu.table_name) as table_name,
          ccu.column_name as column_name,
          replace(replace(c.column_default,'''::regclass)',''),'nextval(''','') as sequence_name
          from information_schema.constraint_column_usage ccu,
               information_schema.columns c
          where ccu.table_schema = ANY(in_schema_name_list)
            and ccu.table_schema = c.table_schema
            AND c.table_name = ccu.table_name
            and c.table_name like in_table_name
            AND ccu.column_name = c.column_name
            AND c.column_default is not null
          ORDER BY sequence_name
   LOOP
      EXECUTE 'select max(' || sequence_defs.column_name || ') from ' || sequence_defs.table_name INTO c;
      IF c is null THEN c = 1; else c = c + 1; END IF;
      EXECUTE 'alter sequence ' || sequence_defs.sequence_name || ' restart  with ' || c;
      changed_seqs = array_append(changed_seqs, 'alter sequence ' || sequence_defs.sequence_name || ' restart with ' || c);
   END LOOP;
   changed_seqs = array_append(changed_seqs, 'Done');

   RETURN changed_seqs;
END
$body$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

然后执行并查看更改运行:

select *
from unnest(reset_sequences('{"django", "dbaas", "metrics", "monitor", "runner", "db_counts"}'));

返回

activity_id_seq                          restart at 22
api_connection_info_id_seq               restart at 4
api_user_id_seq                          restart at 1
application_contact_id_seq               restart at 20