我试图使用python发送电子邮件(Gmail),但我得到以下错误。

Traceback (most recent call last):  
File "emailSend.py", line 14, in <module>  
server.login(username,password)  
File "/usr/lib/python2.5/smtplib.py", line 554, in login  
raise SMTPException("SMTP AUTH extension not supported by server.")  
smtplib.SMTPException: SMTP AUTH extension not supported by server.

Python脚本如下所示。

import smtplib

fromaddr = 'user_me@gmail.com'
toaddrs  = 'user_you@gmail.com'
msg = 'Why,Oh why!'
username = 'user_me@gmail.com'
password = 'pwd'
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.starttls()
server.login(username,password)
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg)
server.quit()

你需要在直接运行到STARTTLS之前说EHLO:

server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.ehlo()
server.starttls()

此外,您应该真正创建From:、To:和Subject:消息头,用空行与消息体分隔,并使用CRLF作为EOL标记。

E.g.

msg = "\r\n".join([
  "From: user_me@gmail.com",
  "To: user_you@gmail.com",
  "Subject: Just a message",
  "",
  "Why, oh why"
  ])

注意:

为了做到这一点,你需要在gmail帐户配置中启用“允许不太安全的应用程序”选项。否则,当gmail检测到一个非谷歌应用程序试图登录你的帐户时,你会得到一个“关键安全警报”。

似乎是老smtplib的问题。在python2.7中,一切正常。

更新:是的,server.ehlo()也可以帮助。

你可以在这里找到它:http://jayrambhia.com/blog/send-emails-using-python

smtp_host = 'smtp.gmail.com'
smtp_port = 587
server = smtplib.SMTP()
server.connect(smtp_host,smtp_port)
server.ehlo()
server.starttls()
server.login(user,passw)
fromaddr = raw_input('Send mail by the name of: ')
tolist = raw_input('To: ').split()
sub = raw_input('Subject: ')

msg = email.MIMEMultipart.MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = fromaddr
msg['To'] = email.Utils.COMMASPACE.join(tolist)
msg['Subject'] = sub  
msg.attach(MIMEText(raw_input('Body: ')))
msg.attach(MIMEText('\nsent via python', 'plain'))
server.sendmail(user,tolist,msg.as_string())
def send_email(user, pwd, recipient, subject, body):
    import smtplib

    FROM = user
    TO = recipient if isinstance(recipient, list) else [recipient]
    SUBJECT = subject
    TEXT = body

    # Prepare actual message
    message = """From: %s\nTo: %s\nSubject: %s\n\n%s
    """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
        server.ehlo()
        server.starttls()
        server.login(user, pwd)
        server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
        server.close()
        print 'successfully sent the mail'
    except:
        print "failed to send mail"

如果你想使用端口465,你必须创建一个SMTP_SSL对象:

# SMTP_SSL Example
server_ssl = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.gmail.com", 465)
server_ssl.ehlo() # optional, called by login()
server_ssl.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)  
# ssl server doesn't support or need tls, so don't call server_ssl.starttls() 
server_ssl.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
#server_ssl.quit()
server_ssl.close()
print 'successfully sent the mail'

你同意OOP吗?

#!/usr/bin/env python


import smtplib

class Gmail(object):
    def __init__(self, email, password):
        self.email = email
        self.password = password
        self.server = 'smtp.gmail.com'
        self.port = 587
        session = smtplib.SMTP(self.server, self.port)        
        session.ehlo()
        session.starttls()
        session.ehlo
        session.login(self.email, self.password)
        self.session = session

    def send_message(self, subject, body):
        ''' This must be removed '''
        headers = [
            "From: " + self.email,
            "Subject: " + subject,
            "To: " + self.email,
            "MIME-Version: 1.0",
           "Content-Type: text/html"]
        headers = "\r\n".join(headers)
        self.session.sendmail(
            self.email,
            self.email,
            headers + "\r\n\r\n" + body)


gm = Gmail('Your Email', 'Password')

gm.send_message('Subject', 'Message')

现在有一个gmail API,它可以让你通过REST发送电子邮件,阅读电子邮件和创建草稿。 与SMTP调用不同,它是非阻塞的,这对于在请求线程中发送电子邮件的基于线程的web服务器(如python web服务器)来说是一件好事。这个API也非常强大。

当然,电子邮件应该交给一个非web服务器队列,但有选择是很好的。

如果您在域上拥有谷歌应用程序管理员权限,则最容易设置,因为这样您就可以向您的客户端授予全面权限。否则,您必须摆弄OAuth身份验证和权限。

下面是一个要点:

https://gist.github.com/timrichardson/1154e29174926e462b7a

我遇到过类似的问题,并无意中发现了这个问题。我得到一个SMTP身份验证错误,但我的用户名/ pass是正确的。下面是解决问题的方法。我读到:

https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255

简而言之,谷歌不允许您通过smtplib登录,因为它已经标记了这种登录为“不太安全”,所以你要做的是去这个链接,而你登录到你的谷歌帐户,并允许访问:

https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps

一旦设置好了(见下面的截图),它就可以工作了。

登录现在工作:

smtpserver = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
smtpserver.ehlo()
smtpserver.starttls()
smtpserver.ehlo()
smtpserver.login('me@gmail.com', 'me_pass')

更改后的回复:

(235, '2.7.0 Accepted')

响应之前:

smtplib.SMTPAuthenticationError: (535, '5.7.8 Username and Password not accepted. Learn more at\n5.7.8 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=14257 g66sm2224117qgf.37 - gsmtp')

还是不行?如果您仍然得到SMTPAuthenticationError,但现在代码是534,这是因为位置未知。点击这个链接:

https://accounts.google.com/DisplayUnlockCaptcha

点击继续,这应该给你10分钟的时间来注册你的新应用。所以现在继续进行另一次登录尝试,它应该可以工作。

更新:这似乎不能马上工作,你可能会卡在smptlib中得到这个错误:

235 == 'Authentication successful'
503 == 'Error: already authenticated'

该消息说使用浏览器登录:

SMTPAuthenticationError: (534, '5.7.9 Please log in with your web browser and then try again. Learn more at\n5.7.9 https://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=78754 qo11sm4014232igb.17 - gsmtp')

启用“lesssecureapps”后,去喝杯咖啡,回来后再次尝试“DisplayUnlockCaptcha”链接。从用户体验来看,更改可能需要一个小时才能生效。然后再次尝试登录过程。

不直接相关,但仍然值得指出的是,我的包试图使发送gmail消息非常快速和轻松。它还试图维护一个错误列表,并试图立即指出解决方案。

它只需要下面的代码来完成你所写的:

import yagmail
yag = yagmail.SMTP('user_me@gmail.com')
yag.send('user_you@gmail.com', 'Why,Oh why!')

或者一句话:

yagmail.SMTP('user_me@gmail.com').send('user_you@gmail.com', 'Why,Oh why!')

关于包/安装,请查看git或pip,可用于Python 2和3。

import smtplib
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
server.ehlo()
server.starttls()
server.login("fromaddress", "password")
msg = "HI!"
server.sendmail("fromaddress", "receiveraddress", msg)
server.quit()
    import smtplib

    fromadd='from@gmail.com'
    toadd='send@gmail.com'

    msg='''hi,how r u'''
    username='abc@gmail.com'
    passwd='password'

    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
        server.ehlo()
        server.starttls()
        server.login(username,passwd)

        server.sendmail(fromadd,toadd,msg)
        print("Mail Send Successfully")
        server.quit()

   except:
        print("Error:unable to send mail")

   NOTE:https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps that                                                         should be enabled

来自@David的很棒的回答,这里是Python 3没有通用的try-除了:

def send_email(user, password, recipient, subject, body):

    gmail_user = user
    gmail_pwd = password
    FROM = user
    TO = recipient if type(recipient) is list else [recipient]
    SUBJECT = subject
    TEXT = body

    # Prepare actual message
    message = """From: %s\nTo: %s\nSubject: %s\n\n%s
    """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
    server.ehlo()
    server.starttls()
    server.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
    server.close()

这是

创建Gmail APP密码!

创建之后,创建一个名为sendgmail.py的文件

然后添加以下代码:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# =============================================================================
# Created By  : Jeromie Kirchoff
# Created Date: Mon Aug 02 17:46:00 PDT 2018
# =============================================================================
# Imports
# =============================================================================
import smtplib

# =============================================================================
# SET EMAIL LOGIN REQUIREMENTS
# =============================================================================
gmail_user = 'THEFROM@gmail.com'
gmail_app_password = 'YOUR-GOOGLE-APPLICATION-PASSWORD!!!!'

# =============================================================================
# SET THE INFO ABOUT THE SAID EMAIL
# =============================================================================
sent_from = gmail_user
sent_to = ['THE-TO@gmail.com', 'THE-TO@gmail.com']
sent_subject = "Hey Friends!"
sent_body = ("Hey, what's up? friend!\n\n"
             "I hope you have been well!\n"
             "\n"
             "Cheers,\n"
             "Jay\n")

email_text = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s

%s
""" % (sent_from, ", ".join(sent_to), sent_subject, sent_body)

# =============================================================================
# SEND EMAIL OR DIE TRYING!!!
# Details: http://www.samlogic.net/articles/smtp-commands-reference.htm
# =============================================================================

try:
    server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465)
    server.ehlo()
    server.login(gmail_user, gmail_app_password)
    server.sendmail(sent_from, sent_to, email_text)
    server.close()

    print('Email sent!')
except Exception as exception:
    print("Error: %s!\n\n" % exception)

所以,如果你成功了,你会看到这样的图像:

我通过给自己和自己发送电子邮件进行测试。

注意:我在我的帐户上启用了两步验证。应用程序密码与此工作!(对于gmail SMTP设置,您必须访问https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/185833?hl=en并遵循以下步骤) 此设置对于启用了两步验证的帐户不可用。这样的帐户需要特定于应用程序的密码来访问不太安全的应用程序。

澄清

导航到https://myaccount.google.com/apppasswords,并创建一个APP密码如上所述。

下面是一个Gmail API的例子。虽然比较复杂,但这是我发现在2019年唯一有效的方法。这个例子是从以下例子中获取并修改的:

https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/guides/sending

你需要通过谷歌的网站创建一个API接口的项目。接下来,你需要为你的应用程序启用GMAIL API。创建凭证,然后下载这些凭证,保存为credentials.json。

import pickle
import os.path
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from google.auth.transport.requests import Request

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import base64

#pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib

# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.pickle.
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send']

def create_message(sender, to, subject, msg):
    message = MIMEText(msg)
    message['to'] = to
    message['from'] = sender
    message['subject'] = subject

    # Base 64 encode
    b64_bytes = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_bytes())
    b64_string = b64_bytes.decode()
    return {'raw': b64_string}
    #return {'raw': base64.urlsafe_b64encode(message.as_string())}

def send_message(service, user_id, message):
    #try:
    message = (service.users().messages().send(userId=user_id, body=message).execute())
    print( 'Message Id: %s' % message['id'] )
    return message
    #except errors.HttpError, error:print( 'An error occurred: %s' % error )

def main():
    """Shows basic usage of the Gmail API.
    Lists the user's Gmail labels.
    """
    creds = None
    # The file token.pickle stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
    # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
    # time.
    if os.path.exists('token.pickle'):
        with open('token.pickle', 'rb') as token:
            creds = pickle.load(token)
    # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
    if not creds or not creds.valid:
        if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
            creds.refresh(Request())
        else:
            flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
                'credentials.json', SCOPES)
            creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
        # Save the credentials for the next run
        with open('token.pickle', 'wb') as token:
            pickle.dump(creds, token)

    service = build('gmail', 'v1', credentials=creds)

    # Example read operation
    results = service.users().labels().list(userId='me').execute()
    labels = results.get('labels', [])

    if not labels:
        print('No labels found.')
    else:
        print('Labels:')
    for label in labels:
        print(label['name'])

    # Example write
    msg = create_message("from@gmail.com", "to@gmail.com", "Subject", "Msg")
    send_message( service, 'me', msg)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

在您的gmail帐户上启用不太安全的应用程序,并使用(Python>=3.6):

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

gmailUser = 'XXXXX@gmail.com'
gmailPassword = 'XXXXX'
recipient = 'XXXXX@gmail.com'

message = f"""
Type your message here...
"""

msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = f'"Your Name" <{gmailUser}>'
msg['To'] = recipient
msg['Subject'] = "Subject here..."
msg.attach(MIMEText(message))

try:
    mailServer = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
    mailServer.ehlo()
    mailServer.starttls()
    mailServer.ehlo()
    mailServer.login(gmailUser, gmailPassword)
    mailServer.sendmail(gmailUser, recipient, msg.as_string())
    mailServer.close()
    print ('Email sent!')
except:
    print ('Something went wrong...')

意识到用Python发送电子邮件有多痛苦,所以我为它做了一个广泛的库。它也有Gmail预配置(所以你不需要记住Gmail的主机和端口):

from redmail import gmail
gmail.user_name = "you@gmail.com"
gmail.password = "<YOUR APPLICATION PASSWORD>"

# Send an email
gmail.send(
    subject="An example email",
    receivers=["recipient@example.com"],
    text="Hi, this is text body.",
    html="<h1>Hi, this is HTML body.</h1>"
)

当然你需要配置你的Gmail账号(别担心,很简单):

设置两步验证(如果尚未设置) 创建应用程序密码 将应用程序密码设置为gmail对象,完成!

红色邮件实际上是相当广泛的(包括附件,嵌入图像,发送与抄送和密件,模板与Jinja等),应该是所有你需要从电子邮件发件人。它也经过了良好的测试和文档记录。我希望它对你有用。

如何安装:

pip install redmail

文档:https://red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

源代码:https://github.com/Miksus/red-mail

注意,Gmail不允许更改发送方。发件人地址永远是你。

2022年12月更新:

您需要使用应用程序密码,以允许您的应用程序访问您的谷歌帐户。

使用应用程序密码登录:

应用程序密码是一个16位数的密码,给一个不太安全的应用程序或 设备权限以访问您的谷歌帐户。应用程序密码 仅用于已开启两步验证的帐户。

此外,谷歌自2022年5月30日起不允许您的应用程序使用用户名(电子邮件地址)和密码访问您的谷歌帐户。所以现在,你需要用户名(电子邮件地址)和应用程序密码来访问你的谷歌帐户。

不太安全的应用和你的谷歌账户:

为了保证您的账户安全,从2022年5月30日起,谷歌号 long支持使用第三方应用程序或设备来询问您 仅使用您的用户名和登录您的谷歌帐户 密码。

如何生成应用程序密码:

首先,从9个点中点击Account:

然后,点击安全中的应用程序密码。*不要忘记在生成应用程序密码之前打开两步验证,否则您无法生成应用程序密码:

然后,点击其他(自定义名称):

然后,输入你的应用程序名称,然后点击GENERATE:

最后,你可以生成应用程序密码xylnudjdiwpojwzm:

所以,你的代码与上面的应用程序密码如下所示:

import smtplib

fromaddr = 'user_me@gmail.com'
toaddrs  = 'user_you@gmail.com'
msg = 'Why,Oh why!'
username = 'user_me@gmail.com'
password = 'xylnudjdiwpojwzm' # Here
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.starttls()
server.login(username,password)
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg)
server.quit()

另外,在Django中,带有上述应用程序密码的settings.py如下所示:

# "settings.py"

EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 587
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'myaccount@gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'xylnudjdiwpojwzm' # Here