我能从决策树中的训练树中提取基本的决策规则(或“决策路径”)作为文本列表吗?
喜欢的东西:
if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X'
我能从决策树中的训练树中提取基本的决策规则(或“决策路径”)作为文本列表吗?
喜欢的东西:
if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X'
当前回答
下面是一个函数,在python3下打印scikit-learn决策树的规则,并对条件块进行偏移,使结构更具可读性:
def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names=None, offset_unit=' '):
'''Plots textual representation of rules of a decision tree
tree: scikit-learn representation of tree
feature_names: list of feature names. They are set to f1,f2,f3,... if not specified
offset_unit: a string of offset of the conditional block'''
left = tree.tree_.children_left
right = tree.tree_.children_right
threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
value = tree.tree_.value
if feature_names is None:
features = ['f%d'%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
else:
features = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0):
offset = offset_unit*depth
if (threshold[node] != -2):
print(offset+"if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {")
if left[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"} else {")
if right[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"}")
else:
print(offset+"return " + str(value[node]))
recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0)
其他回答
下面是一个函数,在python3下打印scikit-learn决策树的规则,并对条件块进行偏移,使结构更具可读性:
def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names=None, offset_unit=' '):
'''Plots textual representation of rules of a decision tree
tree: scikit-learn representation of tree
feature_names: list of feature names. They are set to f1,f2,f3,... if not specified
offset_unit: a string of offset of the conditional block'''
left = tree.tree_.children_left
right = tree.tree_.children_right
threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
value = tree.tree_.value
if feature_names is None:
features = ['f%d'%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
else:
features = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0):
offset = offset_unit*depth
if (threshold[node] != -2):
print(offset+"if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {")
if left[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"} else {")
if right[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"}")
else:
print(offset+"return " + str(value[node]))
recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0)
我修改了Zelazny7提交的代码来打印一些伪代码:
def get_code(tree, feature_names):
left = tree.tree_.children_left
right = tree.tree_.children_right
threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
features = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
value = tree.tree_.value
def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node):
if (threshold[node] != -2):
print "if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {"
if left[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node])
print "} else {"
if right[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node])
print "}"
else:
print "return " + str(value[node])
recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0)
如果你在同一个例子中调用get_code(dt, df.columns),你会得到:
if ( col1 <= 0.5 ) {
return [[ 1. 0.]]
} else {
if ( col2 <= 4.5 ) {
return [[ 0. 1.]]
} else {
if ( col1 <= 2.5 ) {
return [[ 1. 0.]]
} else {
return [[ 0. 1.]]
}
}
}
只需使用sklearn中的函数。像这样的树
from sklearn.tree import export_graphviz
export_graphviz(tree,
out_file = "tree.dot",
feature_names = tree.columns) //or just ["petal length", "petal width"]
然后在项目文件夹中查找文件树。点,复制所有的内容,并粘贴到这里http://www.webgraphviz.com/,并生成您的图形:)
您还可以通过区分它属于哪个类,甚至通过提到它的输出值,使它具有更丰富的信息。
def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names, offset_unit=' '):
left = tree.tree_.children_left
right = tree.tree_.children_right
threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
value = tree.tree_.value
if feature_names is None:
features = ['f%d'%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
else:
features = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0):
offset = offset_unit*depth
if (threshold[node] != -2):
print(offset+"if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {")
if left[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"} else {")
if right[node] != -1:
recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node],depth+1)
print(offset+"}")
else:
#print(offset,value[node])
#To remove values from node
temp=str(value[node])
mid=len(temp)//2
tempx=[]
tempy=[]
cnt=0
for i in temp:
if cnt<=mid:
tempx.append(i)
cnt+=1
else:
tempy.append(i)
cnt+=1
val_yes=[]
val_no=[]
res=[]
for j in tempx:
if j=="[" or j=="]" or j=="." or j==" ":
res.append(j)
else:
val_no.append(j)
for j in tempy:
if j=="[" or j=="]" or j=="." or j==" ":
res.append(j)
else:
val_yes.append(j)
val_yes = int("".join(map(str, val_yes)))
val_no = int("".join(map(str, val_no)))
if val_yes>val_no:
print(offset,'\033[1m',"YES")
print('\033[0m')
elif val_no>val_yes:
print(offset,'\033[1m',"NO")
print('\033[0m')
else:
print(offset,'\033[1m',"Tie")
print('\033[0m')
recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0)
Scikit learn在0.21版(2019年5月)中引入了一个名为export_text的有趣的新方法,用于从树中提取规则。这里的文档。不再需要创建自定义函数。
一旦你适应了你的模型,你只需要两行代码。首先,导入export_text:
from sklearn.tree import export_text
其次,创建一个包含规则的对象。为了使规则看起来更具可读性,使用feature_names参数并传递一个特性名称列表。例如,如果你的模型是model,你的特征是在一个名为X_train的数据框架中命名的,你可以创建一个名为tree_rules的对象:
tree_rules = export_text(model, feature_names=list(X_train.columns))
然后打印或保存tree_rules。输出如下所示:
|--- Age <= 0.63
| |--- EstimatedSalary <= 0.61
| | |--- Age <= -0.16
| | | |--- class: 0
| | |--- Age > -0.16
| | | |--- EstimatedSalary <= -0.06
| | | | |--- class: 0
| | | |--- EstimatedSalary > -0.06
| | | | |--- EstimatedSalary <= 0.40
| | | | | |--- EstimatedSalary <= 0.03
| | | | | | |--- class: 1