我的简单解决方案

BitReverse(IN)
    OUT = 0x00;
    R = 1;      // Right mask   ...0000.0001
    L = 0;      // Left mask    1000.0000...
    L = ~0; 
    L = ~(i >> 1);
    int size = sizeof(IN) * 4;  // bit size

    while(size--){
        if(IN & L) OUT = OUT | R; // start from MSB  1000.xxxx
        if(IN & R) OUT = OUT | L; // start from LSB  xxxx.0001
        L = L >> 1;
        R = R << 1; 
    }
    return OUT;

另一个基于循环的解决方案，在数量较低时快速退出(在c++中用于多种类型)

template<class T>
T reverse_bits(T in) {
    T bit = static_cast<T>(1) << (sizeof(T) * 8 - 1);
    T out;

    for (out = 0; bit && in; bit >>= 1, in >>= 1) {
        if (in & 1) {
            out |= bit;
        }
    }
    return out;
}

或者C语言中unsigned int

unsigned int reverse_bits(unsigned int in) {
    unsigned int bit = 1u << (sizeof(T) * 8 - 1);
    unsigned int out;

    for (out = 0; bit && in; bit >>= 1, in >>= 1) {
        if (in & 1)
            out |= bit;
    }
    return out;
}

您可能希望使用标准模板库。它可能比上面提到的代码慢。然而，在我看来，这似乎更清楚，更容易理解。

 #include<bitset>
 #include<iostream>


 template<size_t N>
 const std::bitset<N> reverse(const std::bitset<N>& ordered)
 {
      std::bitset<N> reversed;
      for(size_t i = 0, j = N - 1; i < N; ++i, --j)
           reversed[j] = ordered[i];
      return reversed;
 };


 // test the function
 int main()
 {
      unsigned long num; 
      const size_t N = sizeof(num)*8;

      std::cin >> num;
      std::cout << std::showbase << std::hex;
      std::cout << "ordered  = " << num << std::endl;
      std::cout << "reversed = " << reverse<N>(num).to_ulong()  << std::endl;
      std::cout << "double_reversed = " << reverse<N>(reverse<N>(num)).to_ulong() << std::endl;  
 }

似乎许多其他帖子都关心速度(即最好=最快)。 简单性怎么样?考虑:

char ReverseBits(char character) {
    char reversed_character = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        char ith_bit = (c >> i) & 1;
        reversed_character |= (ith_bit << (sizeof(char) - 1 - i));
    }
    return reversed_character;
}

并希望聪明的编译器将为您优化。

如果你想反转一个更长的位列表(包含sizeof(char) * n位)，你可以使用这个函数得到:

void ReverseNumber(char* number, int bit_count_in_number) {
    int bytes_occupied = bit_count_in_number / sizeof(char);      

    // first reverse bytes
    for (int i = 0; i <= (bytes_occupied / 2); i++) {
        swap(long_number[i], long_number[n - i]);
    }

    // then reverse bits of each individual byte
    for (int i = 0; i < bytes_occupied; i++) {
         long_number[i] = ReverseBits(long_number[i]);
    }
}

这将把[10000000,10101010]反向转换为[01010101,00000001]。

高效意味着吞吐量或延迟。

从头到尾，看看安德斯·塞德罗尼厄斯的回答，很好。

为了降低延迟，我推荐以下代码:

uint32_t reverseBits( uint32_t x )
{
#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__aarch64__)
    __asm__( "rbit %0, %1" : "=r" ( x ) : "r" ( x ) );
    return x;
#endif
    // Flip pairwise
    x = ( ( x & 0x55555555 ) << 1 ) | ( ( x & 0xAAAAAAAA ) >> 1 );
    // Flip pairs
    x = ( ( x & 0x33333333 ) << 2 ) | ( ( x & 0xCCCCCCCC ) >> 2 );
    // Flip nibbles
    x = ( ( x & 0x0F0F0F0F ) << 4 ) | ( ( x & 0xF0F0F0F0 ) >> 4 );

    // Flip bytes. CPUs have an instruction for that, pretty fast one.
#ifdef _MSC_VER
    return _byteswap_ulong( x );
#elif defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
    return (uint32_t)_bswap( (int)x );
#else
    // Assuming gcc or clang
    return __builtin_bswap32( x );
#endif
}

编译器输出:https://godbolt.org/z/5ehd89

// Purpose: to reverse bits in an unsigned short integer 
// Input: an unsigned short integer whose bits are to be reversed
// Output: an unsigned short integer with the reversed bits of the input one
unsigned short ReverseBits( unsigned short a )
{
     // declare and initialize number of bits in the unsigned short integer
     const char num_bits = sizeof(a) * CHAR_BIT;

     // declare and initialize bitset representation of integer a
     bitset<num_bits> bitset_a(a);          

     // declare and initialize bitset representation of integer b (0000000000000000)
     bitset<num_bits> bitset_b(0);                  

     // declare and initialize bitset representation of mask (0000000000000001)
     bitset<num_bits> mask(1);          

     for ( char i = 0; i < num_bits; ++i )
     {
          bitset_b = (bitset_b << 1) | bitset_a & mask;
          bitset_a >>= 1;
     }

     return (unsigned short) bitset_b.to_ulong();
}

void PrintBits( unsigned short a )
{
     // declare and initialize bitset representation of a
     bitset<sizeof(a) * CHAR_BIT> bitset(a);

     // print out bits
     cout << bitset << endl;
}


// Testing the functionality of the code

int main ()
{
     unsigned short a = 17, b;

     cout << "Original: "; 
     PrintBits(a);

     b = ReverseBits( a );

     cout << "Reversed: ";
     PrintBits(b);
}

// Output:
Original: 0000000000010001
Reversed: 1000100000000000