-(void) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView willDisplayHeaderView:(UIView *)view
  forSection:(NSInteger)section
  {
        if ([view isKindOfClass: [UITableViewHeaderFooterView class]])
        {
             UITableViewHeaderFooterView *castView = (UITableViewHeaderFooterView *) view;
             UIView *content = castView.contentView;
             UIColor *color = [UIColor whiteColor]; // substitute your color here
             content.backgroundColor = color;
             [castView.textLabel setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
        }
 }

 -(void) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView willDisplayHeaderView:(UIView *)view
  forSection:(NSInteger)section
  {
        if ([view isKindOfClass: [UITableViewHeaderFooterView class]])
        {
             UITableViewHeaderFooterView *castView = (UITableViewHeaderFooterView *) view;
             UIView *content = castView.contentView;
             UIColor *color = [UIColor whiteColor]; // substitute your color here
             content.backgroundColor = color;
             [castView.textLabel setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
        }
 }

设置区域的背景和文本颜色:(感谢William Jockusch和Dj S)

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView willDisplayHeaderView:(UIView *)view forSection:(NSInteger)section
{
    if ([view isKindOfClass: [UITableViewHeaderFooterView class]]) {
        UITableViewHeaderFooterView* castView = (UITableViewHeaderFooterView*) view;
        castView.contentView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
        [castView.textLabel setTextColor:[UIColor grayColor]];
    }
}

下面是如何更改文本颜色。

UILabel *label = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 3, tableView.bounds.size.width - 10, 18)] autorelease];
label.text = @"Section Header Text Here";
label.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:1.0 green:1.0 blue:1.0 alpha:0.75];
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
[headerView addSubview:label];

只需要改变头视图图层的颜色

- (UIView *) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView viewForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section 
{
  UIView *headerView = [[[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0,    tableView.bounds.size.width, 30)] autorelease];
 headerView.layer.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor
}

以下解决方案适用于Swift 1.2和iOS 8+

override func tableView(tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) {

    // This changes the header background
    view.tintColor = UIColor.blueColor()

    // Gets the header view as a UITableViewHeaderFooterView and changes the text colour
    var headerView: UITableViewHeaderFooterView = view as! UITableViewHeaderFooterView
    headerView.textLabel.textColor = UIColor.redColor()

}