在Django表单中，我如何使字段只读(或禁用)?
当使用表单创建新条目时，应该启用所有字段——但当记录处于更新模式时，某些字段需要为只读。
例如，当创建一个新的Item模型时，所有字段都必须是可编辑的，但是在更新记录时，是否有一种方法禁用sku字段，使其可见，但不能编辑?
class Item(models.Model):
sku = models.CharField(max_length=50)
description = models.CharField(max_length=200)
added_by = models.ForeignKey(User)
class ItemForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Item
exclude = ('added_by')
def new_item_view(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = ItemForm(request.POST)
# Validate and save
else:
form = ItemForm()
# Render the view
ItemForm类可以重用吗?ItemForm或Item模型类需要做哪些更改?我是否需要编写另一个类“ItemUpdateForm”来更新项目?
def update_item_view(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = ItemUpdateForm(request.POST)
# Validate and save
else:
form = ItemUpdateForm()
从禁用字段mixin开始:
class ModelAllDisabledFormMixin(forms.ModelForm):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
'''
This mixin to ModelForm disables all fields. Useful to have detail view based on model
'''
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
form_fields = self.fields
for key in form_fields.keys():
form_fields[key].disabled = True
然后:
class MyModelAllDisabledForm(ModelAllDisabledFormMixin, forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = MyModel
fields = '__all__'
准备视图:
class MyModelDetailView(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):
model = MyModel
template_name = 'my_model_detail.html'
form_class = MyModelAllDisabledForm
把它放在my_model_detail.html模板中:
<div class="form">
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form | crispy }}
</form>
</div>
您将获得与更新视图中相同的表单，但禁用了所有字段。
我做了一个MixIn类，你可以继承能够添加一个read_only iterable字段，将禁用和安全的字段在非第一次编辑:
(根据Daniel和Muhuk的回答)
from django import forms
from django.db.models.manager import Manager
# I used this instead of lambda expression after scope problems
def _get_cleaner(form, field):
def clean_field():
value = getattr(form.instance, field, None)
if issubclass(type(value), Manager):
value = value.all()
return value
return clean_field
class ROFormMixin(forms.BaseForm):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ROFormMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
if hasattr(self, "read_only"):
if self.instance and self.instance.pk:
for field in self.read_only:
self.fields[field].widget.attrs['readonly'] = "readonly"
setattr(self, "clean_" + field, _get_cleaner(self, field))
# Basic usage
class TestForm(AModelForm, ROFormMixin):
read_only = ('sku', 'an_other_field')
