只要在可以这样做的地方使用nltk即可，例如:

from nltk.cluster.kmeans import KMeansClusterer
NUM_CLUSTERS = <choose a value>
data = <sparse matrix that you would normally give to scikit>.toarray()

kclusterer = KMeansClusterer(NUM_CLUSTERS, distance=nltk.cluster.util.cosine_distance, repeats=25)
assigned_clusters = kclusterer.cluster(data, assign_clusters=True)

Sklearn Kmeans使用欧几里得距离。它没有度量参数。也就是说，如果你在聚类时间序列，你可以使用tslearn python包，当你可以指定一个度量(dtw, softdtw，欧几里得)。

不幸的是没有:scikit-learn目前实现的k-means只使用欧几里得距离。

将k-means扩展到其他距离并不是一件简单的事情，denis上面的回答并不是对其他度量实现k-means的正确方法。

只要在可以这样做的地方使用nltk即可，例如:

from nltk.cluster.kmeans import KMeansClusterer
NUM_CLUSTERS = <choose a value>
data = <sparse matrix that you would normally give to scikit>.toarray()

kclusterer = KMeansClusterer(NUM_CLUSTERS, distance=nltk.cluster.util.cosine_distance, repeats=25)
assigned_clusters = kclusterer.cluster(data, assign_clusters=True)

Spectral Python的k-means允许使用L1 (Manhattan)距离。

是的，在当前稳定版本的sklearn (scikit-learn 1.1.3)中，您可以轻松地使用自己的距离度量。你所要做的就是创建一个继承自sklearn.cluster.KMeans的类，并覆盖它的_transform方法。

下面的例子是IOU与Yolov2论文的距离。

import sklearn.cluster
import numpy as np

def anchor_iou(box_dims, centroid_box_dims):
    box_w, box_h = box_dims[..., 0], box_dims[..., 1]
    centroid_w, centroid_h = centroid_box_dims[..., 0], centroid_box_dims[..., 1]
    inter_w = np.minimum(box_w[..., np.newaxis], centroid_w[np.newaxis, ...])
    inter_h = np.minimum(box_h[..., np.newaxis], centroid_h[np.newaxis, ...])
    inter_area = inter_w * inter_h
    centroid_area = centroid_w * centroid_h
    box_area = box_w * box_h
    return inter_area / (
        centroid_area[np.newaxis, ...] + box_area[..., np.newaxis] - inter_area
    )

class IOUKMeans(sklearn.cluster.KMeans):
    def __init__(
        self,
        n_clusters=8,
        *,
        init="k-means++",
        n_init=10,
        max_iter=300,
        tol=1e-4,
        verbose=0,
        random_state=None,
        copy_x=True,
        algorithm="lloyd",
    ):
        super().__init__(
            n_clusters=n_clusters,
            init=init,
            n_init=n_init,
            max_iter=max_iter,
            tol=tol,
            verbose=verbose,
            random_state=random_state,
            copy_x=copy_x,
            algorithm=algorithm
        )

    def _transform(self, X):
        return anchor_iou(X, self.cluster_centers_)

rng = np.random.default_rng(12345)
num_boxes = 10
bboxes = rng.integers(low=0, high=100, size=(num_boxes, 2))

kmeans = IOUKMeans(num_clusters).fit(bboxes)