我在一个文件中有一个大的位图(比如3888x2592)。现在,我想将位图大小调整为800x533,并将其保存到另一个文件中。 我通常通过调用bitmap来缩放位图。createBitmap方法,但它需要一个源位图作为第一个参数,我不能提供,因为加载原始图像到位图对象当然会超过内存(例如,见这里)。

我也不能读取位图,例如,BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件,选项),提供BitmapFactory.Options。inSampleSize,因为我想把它调整到精确的宽度和高度。使用inSampleSize将位图大小调整为972x648(如果我使用inSampleSize=4)或778x518(如果我使用inSampleSize=5,这甚至不是2的幂)。

我还希望避免在第一步中使用inSampleSize读取图像,例如,在第一步中使用972x648,然后在第二步中将其大小调整为800x533,因为与直接调整原始图像的大小相比,质量会较差。

总结一下我的问题: 是否有一种方法来读取一个10MP或更多的大图像文件,并将其保存到一个新的图像文件,调整到一个特定的新宽度和高度,而不得到OutOfMemory异常?

我还尝试了BitmapFactory.decodeFile(文件,选项)和设置选项。out theight and Options。outidth值手动为800和533,但它不是这样工作的。


当前回答

上面的代码更简洁一些。InputStreams最终关闭了包装,以确保它们也被关闭:

*请注意 输入:InputStream is, int w, int h 输出:位图

    try
    {

        final int inWidth;
        final int inHeight;

        final File tempFile = new File(temp, System.currentTimeMillis() + is.toString() + ".temp");

        {

            final FileOutputStream tempOut = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);

            StreamUtil.copyTo(is, tempOut);

            tempOut.close();

        }



        {

            final InputStream in = new FileInputStream(tempFile);
            final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();

            try {

                // decode image size (decode metadata only, not the whole image)
                options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
                BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);

            }
            finally {
                in.close();
            }

            // save width and height
            inWidth = options.outWidth;
            inHeight = options.outHeight;

        }

        final Bitmap roughBitmap;

        {

            // decode full image pre-resized
            final InputStream in = new FileInputStream(tempFile);

            try {

                final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                // calc rought re-size (this is no exact resize)
                options.inSampleSize = Math.max(inWidth/w, inHeight/h);
                // decode full image
                roughBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);

            }
            finally {
                in.close();
            }

            tempFile.delete();

        }

        float[] values = new float[9];

        {

            // calc exact destination size
            Matrix m = new Matrix();
            RectF inRect = new RectF(0, 0, roughBitmap.getWidth(), roughBitmap.getHeight());
            RectF outRect = new RectF(0, 0, w, h);
            m.setRectToRect(inRect, outRect, Matrix.ScaleToFit.CENTER);
            m.getValues(values);

        }

        // resize bitmap
        final Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(roughBitmap, (int) (roughBitmap.getWidth() * values[0]), (int) (roughBitmap.getHeight() * values[4]), true);

        return resizedBitmap;

    }
    catch (IOException e) {

        logger.error("Error:" , e);
        throw new ResourceException("could not create bitmap");

    }

其他回答

使用以下代码调整位图的大小

    public static Bitmap decodeFile(File file, int reqWidth, int reqHeight){

    // First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
    final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;        
    BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), options);

    // Calculate inSampleSize
    options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);

    // Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
    options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
    return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.getPath(), options);
   }

    private static int calculateInSampleSize(
    BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
    // Raw height and width of image
    final int height = options.outHeight;
    final int width = options.outWidth;
    int inSampleSize = 1;

    if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {

        // Calculate ratios of height and width to requested height and width
        final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) height / (float) reqHeight);
        final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth);

        // Choose the smallest ratio as inSampleSize value, this will guarantee
        // a final image with both dimensions larger than or equal to the
        // requested height and width.
        inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
     }

     return inSampleSize;
   }    

下面的提示/技巧也解释了这一点

http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/625810/Android-Image-Operations-Using-BitmapFactory

我不知道我的解决方案是否是最佳实践,但我通过使用inDensity和inTargetDensity选项实现了加载我所需缩放的位图。当不加载可绘制资源时,inDensity初始值为0,因此此方法用于加载非资源图像。

变量imageUri, maxImageSideLength和context是我的方法的参数。为了清晰起见,我只发布了方法实现,没有包装AsyncTask。

            ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
            InputStream is;
            try {
                is = resolver.openInputStream(imageUri);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Image not found.", e);
                return null;
            }
            Options opts = new Options();
            opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, opts);

            // scale the image
            float maxSideLength = maxImageSideLength;
            float scaleFactor = Math.min(maxSideLength / opts.outWidth, maxSideLength / opts.outHeight);
            // do not upscale!
            if (scaleFactor < 1) {
                opts.inDensity = 10000;
                opts.inTargetDensity = (int) ((float) opts.inDensity * scaleFactor);
            }
            opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;

            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore
            }
            try {
                is = resolver.openInputStream(imageUri);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Image not found.", e);
                return null;
            }
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, opts);
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore
            }

            return bitmap;

我使用了这样的代码:

  String filePath=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/test_image.jpg";
  BitmapFactory.Options options=new BitmapFactory.Options();
  InputStream is=new FileInputStream(filePath);
  BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, options);
  is.close();
  is=new FileInputStream(filePath);
  // here w and h are the desired width and height
  options.inSampleSize=Math.max(options.outWidth/460, options.outHeight/288); //Max 460 x 288 is my desired...
  // bmp is the resized bitmap
  Bitmap bmp=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, options);
  is.close();
  Log.d(Constants.TAG, "Scaled bitmap bytes, "+bmp.getRowBytes()+", width:"+bmp.getWidth()+", height:"+bmp.getHeight());

我试过原始图像是1230 x 1230,得到的位图是330 x 330。 如果尝试2590 x 3849,我将得到OutOfMemoryError。

我跟踪了它,它仍然抛出OutOfMemoryError在行"BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, options);",如果原始位图太大…

考虑到你想要调整大小到精确的大小,并想要保持尽可能多的质量,我认为你应该试试这个。

通过调用BitmapFactory.decodeFile并提供checkSizeOptions.inJustDecodeBounds来查找调整后图像的大小 计算您可以在设备上使用的不超过内存的inSampleSize的最大值。bitmapSizeInBytes = 2*width*height;一般来说,对于你的图片inSampleSize=2就可以了,因为你只需要2*1944x1296)=4.8Mbб,这应该是在内存中 使用BitmapFactory.decodeFile和inSampleSize来加载位图 将位图缩放到精确的大小。

动机:多步缩放可以提供更高质量的图片,但不能保证它会比使用high inSampleSize更好。 实际上,我认为你也可以使用inSampleSize 5(不是pow of 2)在一个操作中直接缩放。或者用4,然后你可以在UI中使用那个图像。如果你把它发送到服务器,那么你可以在服务器端进行精确的缩放,这允许你使用高级缩放技术。

注意:如果在步骤3中加载的位图至少是4倍大(所以4*targetWidth < width),你可能会使用几次调整来获得更好的质量。 至少这在通用java中是有效的,在android中你没有指定用于缩放的插值的选项 http://today.java.net/pub/a/today/2007/04/03/perils-of-image-getscaledinstance.html

上面的代码更简洁一些。InputStreams最终关闭了包装,以确保它们也被关闭:

*请注意 输入:InputStream is, int w, int h 输出:位图

    try
    {

        final int inWidth;
        final int inHeight;

        final File tempFile = new File(temp, System.currentTimeMillis() + is.toString() + ".temp");

        {

            final FileOutputStream tempOut = new FileOutputStream(tempFile);

            StreamUtil.copyTo(is, tempOut);

            tempOut.close();

        }



        {

            final InputStream in = new FileInputStream(tempFile);
            final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();

            try {

                // decode image size (decode metadata only, not the whole image)
                options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
                BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);

            }
            finally {
                in.close();
            }

            // save width and height
            inWidth = options.outWidth;
            inHeight = options.outHeight;

        }

        final Bitmap roughBitmap;

        {

            // decode full image pre-resized
            final InputStream in = new FileInputStream(tempFile);

            try {

                final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                // calc rought re-size (this is no exact resize)
                options.inSampleSize = Math.max(inWidth/w, inHeight/h);
                // decode full image
                roughBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);

            }
            finally {
                in.close();
            }

            tempFile.delete();

        }

        float[] values = new float[9];

        {

            // calc exact destination size
            Matrix m = new Matrix();
            RectF inRect = new RectF(0, 0, roughBitmap.getWidth(), roughBitmap.getHeight());
            RectF outRect = new RectF(0, 0, w, h);
            m.setRectToRect(inRect, outRect, Matrix.ScaleToFit.CENTER);
            m.getValues(values);

        }

        // resize bitmap
        final Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(roughBitmap, (int) (roughBitmap.getWidth() * values[0]), (int) (roughBitmap.getHeight() * values[4]), true);

        return resizedBitmap;

    }
    catch (IOException e) {

        logger.error("Error:" , e);
        throw new ResourceException("could not create bitmap");

    }