在_utf8_decode的两个实现中都有一些错误。C1和c2由于var语句的错误使用被赋值为全局变量，c3根本没有初始化或声明。

它可以工作，但这些变量将覆盖该函数之外的任何具有相同名称的现有变量。

这里有一个版本不会这样做:

// private method for UTF-8 decoding
_utf8_decode : function (utftext) {
    var string = "";
    var i = 0;
    var c = 0, c1 = 0, c2 = 0;

    while ( i < utftext.length ) {

        c = utftext.charCodeAt(i);

        if (c < 128) {
            string += String.fromCharCode(c);
            i++;
        }
        else if((c > 191) && (c < 224)) {
            c1 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
            string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c1 & 63));
            i += 2;
        }
        else {
            c1 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
            c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+2);
            string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c1 & 63) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
            i += 3;
        }
    }
    return string;
}

如果你使用Node.js，你可以这样做:

let a = Buffer.from('JavaScript').toString('base64');
console.log(a);

let b = Buffer.from(a, 'base64').toString();
console.log(b);

2022年弃用警告更新

我在我的vscode上看到了弃用警告

This function is only provided for compatibility with legacy web platform APIs and should never be used in new code, 
because they use strings to represent binary data and predate the introduction of typed arrays in JavaScript. 
For code running using Node.js APIs, 
converting between base64-encoded strings and binary data should be performed using Buffer.from(str, 'base64') andbuf.toString('base64').

在搜索了一些之后，我发现这个问题说它没有被弃用

https://github.com/microsoft/TypeScript/issues/45566

所以解决web JS弃用警告的方法是使用window.btoa 警告就会消失。

如果有人想在Typescript中将一个字符串编码为base64

我调整了Peter Mortensen的答案并添加了类型(在需要的地方)

const Base64 = {


_keyStr: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",

// added type string to input
encode: function(input: string) {
    let output = "";
    let chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
    let i = 0;

    input = Base64._utf8_encode(input);

    while (i < input.length) {

        chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
        chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
        chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);

        enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
        enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
        enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
        enc4 = chr3 & 63;

        if (isNaN(chr2)) {
            enc3 = enc4 = 64;
        } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
            enc4 = 64;
        }

        output = output + this._keyStr.charAt(enc1) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc2) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc3) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc4);

    }

    return output;
},
// added type string to input
_utf8_encode: function(input: string) {
    input= input.replace(/\r\n/g, "\n");
    let utftext = "";

    for (let n = 0; n < input.length; n++) {

        let c = input.charCodeAt(n);

        if (c < 128) {
            utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);
        }
        else if ((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {
            utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);
            utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
        }
        else {
            utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);
            utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);
            utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
        }

    }

    return utftext;
  },
}
 
// function that consumes that Base64.encode function
const encode = ( cipher : string) => {

  const encodedString: string = Base64.encode(cipher)

  return encodedString;
}

console.log(encode('Hello World!'))

JSFIDDLE 链接

您可以使用btoa()和atob()来转换base64编码。

关于这些函数接受/返回什么，评论中似乎有一些混淆，所以…

btoa() accepts a “string” where each character represents an 8-bit byte – if you pass a string containing characters that can’t be represented in 8 bits, it will probably break. This isn’t a problem if you’re actually treating the string as a byte array, but if you’re trying to do something else then you’ll have to encode it first. atob() returns a “string” where each character represents an 8-bit byte – that is, its value will be between 0 and 0xff. This does not mean it’s ASCII – presumably if you’re using this function at all, you expect to be working with binary data and not text.

参见:

如何使用Javascript和XMLHttpRequest加载二进制图像数据?

这里的大多数评论都过时了。您可能同时使用btoa()和atob()，除非您支持非常过时的浏览器。

检查:

https://caniuse.com/?search=atob https://caniuse.com/?search=btoa

从这里开始:

/**
*
*  Base64 encode / decode
*  http://www.webtoolkit.info/
*
**/
var Base64 = {

    // private property
    _keyStr : "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",

    // public method for encoding
    encode : function (input) {
        var output = "";
        var chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
        var i = 0;

        input = Base64._utf8_encode(input);

        while (i < input.length) {

            chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
            chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
            chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);

            enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
            enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
            enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
            enc4 = chr3 & 63;

            if (isNaN(chr2)) {
                enc3 = enc4 = 64;
            } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
                enc4 = 64;
            }

            output = output +
            this._keyStr.charAt(enc1) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc2) +
            this._keyStr.charAt(enc3) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc4);
        }
        return output;
    },

    // public method for decoding
    decode : function (input) {
        var output = "";
        var chr1, chr2, chr3;
        var enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
        var i = 0;

        input = input.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9\+\/\=]/g, "");

        while (i < input.length) {

            enc1 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            enc2 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            enc3 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));
            enc4 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++));

            chr1 = (enc1 << 2) | (enc2 >> 4);
            chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2);
            chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4;

            output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr1);

            if (enc3 != 64) {
                output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr2);
            }
            if (enc4 != 64) {
                output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr3);
            }
        }

        output = Base64._utf8_decode(output);

        return output;
    },

    // private method for UTF-8 encoding
    _utf8_encode : function (string) {
        string = string.replace(/\r\n/g,"\n");
        var utftext = "";

        for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) {

            var c = string.charCodeAt(n);

            if (c < 128) {
                utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);
            }
            else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
            }
            else {
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);
                utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);
                utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
            }
        }
        return utftext;
    },

    // private method for UTF-8 decoding
    _utf8_decode : function (utftext) {
        var string = "";
        var i = 0;
        var c = c1 = c2 = 0;

        while ( i < utftext.length ) {

            c = utftext.charCodeAt(i);

            if (c < 128) {
                string += String.fromCharCode(c);
                i++;
            }
            else if((c > 191) && (c < 224)) {
                c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
                string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63));
                i += 2;
            }
            else {
                c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+1);
                c3 = utftext.charCodeAt(i+2);
                string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63));
                i += 3;
            }
        }
        return string;
    }
}

此外，搜索“JavaScript base64 encoding”会出现许多其他选项，上面是第一个。