@Michael Borgwardt的回答实际上在Android上不能正常运行。存在舍入错误。例如5月19日到21日是1天，因为它是1.99:1。在转换为int型之前使用round。

Fix

int diffInDays = (int)Math.round(( (newerDate.getTime() - olderDate.getTime()) 
                 / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24) ))

请注意，这适用于UTC日期，因此如果查看本地日期，差异可能会减小一天。由于夏时制的原因，要让它在本地日期上正确工作，需要一种完全不同的方法。

下面的代码可以给你想要的输出:

String startDate = "Jan 01 2015";
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("MMM dd yyyy");
LocalDate date = LocalDate.parse(startDate, formatter);

String currentDate = "Feb 11 2015";
LocalDate date1 = LocalDate.parse(currentDate, formatter);

System.out.println(date1.toEpochDay() - date.toEpochDay());

查看示例http://www.roseindia.net/java/beginners/DateDifferent.shtml 这个例子给出了天、小时、分钟、秒和毫秒的差异:)。

import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;

public class DateDifferent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date date1 = new Date(2009, 01, 10);
        Date date2 = new Date(2009, 07, 01);
        Calendar calendar1 = Calendar.getInstance();
        Calendar calendar2 = Calendar.getInstance();
        calendar1.setTime(date1);
        calendar2.setTime(date2);
        long milliseconds1 = calendar1.getTimeInMillis();
        long milliseconds2 = calendar2.getTimeInMillis();
        long diff = milliseconds2 - milliseconds1;
        long diffSeconds = diff / 1000;
        long diffMinutes = diff / (60 * 1000);
        long diffHours = diff / (60 * 60 * 1000);
        long diffDays = diff / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
        System.out.println("\nThe Date Different Example");
        System.out.println("Time in milliseconds: " + diff + " milliseconds.");
        System.out.println("Time in seconds: " + diffSeconds + " seconds.");
        System.out.println("Time in minutes: " + diffMinutes + " minutes.");
        System.out.println("Time in hours: " + diffHours + " hours.");
        System.out.println("Time in days: " + diffDays + " days.");
    }
}

由于这里所有的答案都是正确的，但使用传统java或第三方库，如joda或类似的，我将放弃使用新java的另一种方式。Java 8及以后版本中的时间类。参见Oracle教程。

使用LocalDate和ChronoUnit:

LocalDate d1 = LocalDate.of(2017, 5, 1);
LocalDate d2 = LocalDate.of(2017, 5, 18);

long days = ChronoUnit.DAYS.between(d1, d2);
System.out.println( days );

只需在两个Date对象上使用下面的方法。如果你想传递当前日期，只需传递new date()作为第二个参数，因为它是用当前时间初始化的。

public String getDateDiffString(Date dateOne, Date dateTwo)
{
    long timeOne = dateOne.getTime();
    long timeTwo = dateTwo.getTime();
    long oneDay = 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24;
    long delta = (timeTwo - timeOne) / oneDay;

    if (delta > 0) {
        return "dateTwo is " + delta + " days after dateOne";
    }
    else {
        delta *= -1;
        return "dateTwo is " + delta + " days before dateOne";
     }
}

此外，除了从天数，如果，你也想要其他参数的差异，使用下面的片段，

int year = delta / 365;
int rest = delta % 365;
int month = rest / 30;
rest = rest % 30;
int weeks = rest / 7;
int days = rest % 7;

p.s. Code完全取自SO答案。

在某些地区使用毫秒方法可能会导致问题。

举个例子，03/24/2007和03/25/2007之间的差应该是1天;

然而，如果使用毫秒路径，你将得到0天，如果你在英国运行这个!

/** Manual Method - YIELDS INCORRECT RESULTS - DO NOT USE**/  
/* This method is used to find the no of days between the given dates */  
public long calculateDays(Date dateEarly, Date dateLater) {  
   return (dateLater.getTime() - dateEarly.getTime()) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);  
} 

更好的实现方法是使用java.util.Calendar

/** Using Calendar - THE CORRECT WAY**/  
public static long daysBetween(Calendar startDate, Calendar endDate) {  
  Calendar date = (Calendar) startDate.clone();  
  long daysBetween = 0;  
  while (date.before(endDate)) {  
    date.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);  
    daysBetween++;  
  }  
  return daysBetween;  
}