在这里给出的所有其他答案以及在相关问题中给出的各种可能的FS值都以各种方式失败。有些在开头和/或结尾留下空白，有些将每个FS转换为OFS，有些依赖于仅当FS为默认值时才适用的语义，有些依赖于在括号表达式中否定FS，这将在给定多字符FS时失败，等等。

为了对任何FS都健壮地做到这一点，使用GNU awk的第4个参数split():

$ cat tst.awk
{
    split($0,flds,FS,seps)
    for ( i=n; i<=NF; i++ ) {
        printf "%s%s", flds[i], seps[i]
    }
    print ""
}

$ printf 'a b c d\n' | awk -v n=3 -f tst.awk c d $ printf ' a b c d\n' | awk -v n=3 -f tst.awk c d $ printf ' a b c d\n' | awk -v n=3 -F'[ ]' -f tst.awk b c d $ printf ' a b c d\n' | awk -v n=3 -F'[ ]+' -f tst.awk b c d $ printf 'a###b###c###d\n' | awk -v n=3 -F'###' -f tst.awk c###d $ printf '###a###b###c###d\n' | awk -v n=3 -F'###' -f tst.awk b###c###d Note that I'm using split() above because it's 3rg arg is a field separator, not just a regexp like the 2nd arg to match(). The difference is that field separators have additional semantics to regexps such as skipping leading and/or trailing blanks when the separator is a single blank char - if you wanted to use a while(match()) loop or any form of *sub() to emulate the above then you'd need to write code to implement those semantics whereas split() already implements them for you.

以下是我在所有推荐中更喜欢的:

从第六列到最后一列打印。

ls -lthr | awk '{out=$6; for(i=7;i<=NF;i++){out=out" "$i}; print out}'

or

ls -lthr | awk '{ORS=" "; for(i=6;i<=NF;i++) print $i;print "\n"}'

这应该是一个相当全面的awk-field子字符串提取函数

根据输入范围返回$0的子字符串，包括 夹入超出范围的值， 处理可变长度字段SEPs 加速治疗::

完全没有输入，直接返回$0 输入值导致有保证的空字符串("") FROM-field == 1 FS = ""，将$0按单个字符分割 (因此FROM <(_)>和TO <(__)>字段的行为像cut -c而不是cut -f)

原始$0恢复，w/o覆盖FS seps与OFS

|

 {m,g}awk '{
 2         print "\n|---BEFORE-------------------------\n"
 3         ($0) "\n|----------------------------\n\n  ["
 4         fld2(2, 5) "]\n  [" fld2(3) "]\n  [" fld2(4, 2)
 5         "]<----------------------------------------------should be
 6         empty\n  [" fld2(3, 11) "]<------------------------should be
 7         capped by NF\n  [" fld2() "]\n  [" fld2((OFS=FS="")*($0=$0)+11,
 8         23) "]<-------------------FS=\"\", split by chars
 9         \n\n|---AFTER-------------------------\n" ($0)
10         "\n|----------------------------"
11  }


12  function fld2(_,__,___,____,_____)
13  {
           if (+__==(_=-_<+_ ?+_:_<_) || (___=____="")==__ || !NF) {
              return $_
16         } else if (NF<_ || (__=NF<+__?NF:+__)<(_=+_?_:!_)) {
              return ___
18         } else if (___==FS || _==!___) {
19            return ___<FS \
                 ? substr("",$!_=$!_ substr("",__=$!(NF=__)))__
20               : substr($(_<_),_,__)
21         }
22         _____=$+(____=___="\37\36\35\32\31\30\27\26\25"\
                              "\24\23\21\20\17\16\6\5\4\3\2\1")
23         NF=__
24         if ($(!_)~("["(___)"]")) {
25            gsub("..","\\&&",___) + gsub(".",___,____)
27            ___=____
28         }
29         __=(_) substr("",_+=_^=_<_)

30         while(___!="") {
31            if ($(!_)!~(____=substr(___,--_,++_))) {
32               ___=____
33            break }
35            ___=substr(___,_+_^(!_))
36         }
37         return \
           substr("",($__=___ $__)==(__=substr($!_,
              _+index($!_,___))),_*($!_=_____))(__)
    }'

那些<TAB>是实际的\t \011，但为了显示清晰度重新标记

|---BEFORE------------------------- 
       1   2  33  4444 555555 <TAB>6666666    
|----------------------------

  [2 33 4444 555555]
  [33]
  []<---------------------------------------------- should be empty
  [33 4444 555555 6666666]<------------------------ should be capped by NF
  [       1   2  33  4444 555555 <TAB>6666666    ]
  [ 2  33  4444 555555 <TAB>66]<------------------- FS="", split by chars 

|---AFTER------------------------- 
       1   2  33  4444 555555 <TAB>6666666    
|----------------------------

这让我非常恼火，我坐下来写了一个类似cut的字段规范解析器，用GNU Awk 3.1.7测试。

首先，创建一个新的Awk库脚本pfcut。

sudo nano /usr/share/awk/pfcut

然后，粘贴下面的脚本，并保存。之后，是这样的用法:

$ echo "t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7" | awk -f pfcut --source '/^/ { pfcut("-4"); }'
t1 t2 t3 t4

$ echo "t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7" | awk -f pfcut --source '/^/ { pfcut("2-"); }'
t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7

$ echo "t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7" | awk -f pfcut --source '/^/ { pfcut("-2,4,6-"); }'
t1 t2 t4 t6 t7

为了避免键入所有这些，我想最好的方法是(参见其他方法)在启动时自动加载用户函数?- Unix & Linux Stack Exchange)为~/.bashrc添加别名;例如:

$ echo "alias awk-pfcut='awk -f pfcut --source'" >> ~/.bashrc
$ source ~/.bashrc     # refresh bash aliases

．.． 然后你可以调用:

$ echo "t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7" | awk-pfcut '/^/ { pfcut("-2,4,6-"); }'
t1 t2 t4 t6 t7

以下是pfcut脚本的源代码:

# pfcut - print fields like cut
#
# sdaau, GNU GPL
# Nov, 2013

function spfcut(formatstring)
{
  # parse format string
  numsplitscomma = split(formatstring, fsa, ",");
  numspecparts = 0;
  split("", parts); # clear/initialize array (for e.g. `tail` piping into `awk`)
  for(i=1;i<=numsplitscomma;i++) {
    commapart=fsa[i];
    numsplitsminus = split(fsa[i], cpa, "-");
    # assume here a range is always just two parts: "a-b"
    # also assume user has already sorted the ranges
    #print numsplitsminus, cpa[1], cpa[2]; # debug
    if(numsplitsminus==2) {
     if ((cpa[1]) == "") cpa[1] = 1;
     if ((cpa[2]) == "") cpa[2] = NF;
     for(j=cpa[1];j<=cpa[2];j++) {
       parts[numspecparts++] = j;
     }
    } else parts[numspecparts++] = commapart;
  }
  n=asort(parts); outs="";
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++) {
    outs = outs sprintf("%s%s", $parts[i], (i==n)?"":OFS); 
    #print(i, parts[i]); # debug
  }
  return outs;
}

function pfcut(formatstring) {
  print spfcut(formatstring);
}

我想把建议的答案扩展到字段可能由几个空格分隔的情况——我想这就是OP不使用cut的原因。

我知道OP问了关于awk的问题，但sed方法在这里可以工作(例如从第5列打印到最后一列):

pure sed approach sed -r 's/^\s*(\S+\s+){4}//' somefile Explanation: s/// is the standard command to perform substitution ^\s* matches any consecutive whitespace at the beginning of the line \S+\s+ means a column of data (non-whitespace chars followed by whitespace chars) (){4} means the pattern is repeated 4 times. sed and cut sed -r 's/^\s+//; s/\s+/\t/g' somefile | cut -f5- by just replacing consecutive whitespaces by a single tab; tr and cut: tr can also be used to squeeze consecutive characters with the -s option. tr -s [:blank:] <somefile | cut -d' ' -f5-

ls -la | awk '{o=$1" "$3; for (i=5; i<=NF; i++) o=o" "$i; print o }'

这个答案还不错，但是自然的间隔消失了。 请将它与这个进行比较:

ls -la | cut -d\  -f4-

然后你就会看到区别了。

甚至ls -la | awk '{$1=$2="";打印}，这是基于迄今为止投票选出的最佳答案，即不保留格式。

因此，我将使用以下，它还允许显式选择列在开始:

ls -la | cut -d\  -f1,4-

注意，每个空格也计算列，例如在下面，列1和列3是空的，2是INFO, 4是:

$ echo " INFO  2014-10-11 10:16:19  main " | cut -d\  -f1,3

$ echo " INFO  2014-10-11 10:16:19  main " | cut -d\  -f2,4
INFO 2014-10-11
$