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2023-06-21 05:00:20

pip install failed with "connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)"

我对Python非常陌生，并试图在Windows 7上安装链接检查器。一些注意事项:

pip install is failing no matter the package. For example, > pip install scrapy also results in the SSL error. Vanilla install of Python 3.4.1 included pip 1.5.6. The first thing I tried to do was install linkchecker. Python 2.7 was already installed, it came with ArcGIS. python and pip were not available from the command line until I installed 3.4.1. > pip search linkchecker works. Perhaps that is because pip search does not verify the site's SSL certificate. I am in a company network but we do not go through a proxy to reach the Internet. Each company computer (including mine) has a Trusted Root Certificate Authority that is used for various reasons including enabling monitoring TLS traffic to https://google.com. Not sure if that has anything to do with it.

下面是运行pip install linkchecker后我的pip.log的内容:

Downloading/unpacking linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/: connection error: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/ (Caused by <class 'http.client.CannotSendRequest'>: Request-sent)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Cannot fetch index base URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/
  URLs to search for versions for linkchecker:
  * https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/: connection error: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:598)
  Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/linkchecker/ when looking for download links for linkchecker
  Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement linkchecker
Cleaning up...
  Removing temporary dir C:\Users\jcook\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_jcook...
No distributions at all found for linkchecker
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 278, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req.py", line 1177, in prepare_files
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\index.py", line 277, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req)
pip.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for linkchecker

当前回答

如果您的系统中缺少某些证书，则可能会遇到此问题。在opensuse上安装ca-certificates-mozilla

2018-03-19 20:32:27

其他回答

使用——cert参数:

您可以使用以下命令指定证书:

pip --cert <path/to/cert>.pem install <package list>

例如:

pip --cert /etc/ssl/certs/FOO_Root_CA.pem install linkchecker

参见:文档»参考指南»pip

如果指定您公司的根证书不起作用，也许cURL证书可以工作:http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

必须使用PEM文件，而不是CRT文件。如果你有一个CRT文件，你将需要将文件转换为PEM。评论中有报告说，这现在与CRT文件一起工作，但我还没有验证。

还要检查:SSL证书验证。

2014-09-26 14:59:52 
pip install gensim config --global http.sslVerify false

只需安装任何带有“config——global http. conf”的包。sslVerify false”语句

可以通过将pypi.org和files.pythonhosted.org以及旧的pypi.python.org设置为可信主机来忽略SSL错误。

$ pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org <package_name>

注意:在2018年4月的某个时候，Python包索引从pypi.python.org迁移到pypi.org。这意味着使用旧域的“可信主机”命令不再有效，但您可以同时添加这两个命令。

永久解决

自从pip 10.0发布以来，你应该可以通过升级pip本身来永久地修复这个问题:

$ pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org pip setuptools

或者重新安装以获得最新版本:

$ curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py

(…然后使用相关的Python解释器运行get-pip.py)。

PIP install <otherpackage>应该在此之后工作。如果没有，那么您将需要做更多的工作，如下所述。

您可能希望将受信任主机和代理添加到配置文件中。

pip.ini (Windows)或pip.conf (unix)

[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org
               pypi.org
               files.pythonhosted.org

替代解决方案(不太安全)

大多数答案都可能带来安全问题。

有两个变通方法可以帮助您轻松安装大多数python包:

使用easy_install:如果您真的很懒，不想浪费太多时间，请使用easy_install <package_name>。注意，有些包找不到，或者会出现小错误。 使用Wheel:下载python包的Wheel，使用pip命令pip install wheel_package_name。WHL安装包。

2015-04-20 15:13:41

尽管有40个答案，但我认为没有一个完全解决了我的问题。

我在macOS Catalina 10.15.5上，在公司代理的后面。

在尝试安装或升级包时，提示以下错误

>>> pip install <package name>                                                                                                                           

Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://data:****@pypi.<company>.com/simple/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1108)'))': <package name>
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1108)'))': <package name>

@Steve_Tauber的回答pip——cert /etc/ssl/certs/FOO_Root_CA。Pem安装链接检查器让我的方式有一部分。

我能够使用现有的cert文件成功安装包，如下所示:

pip install --cert /Users/me/opt/anaconda3/ssl/cert.pem --upgrade pip

但是我不想每次使用pip时都使用cert标志…

答案是更新环境变量:

CERT_PATH=/Users/me/opt/anaconda3/ssl/cert.pem
export SSL_CERT_FILE=${CERT_PATH}
export REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=${CERT_PATH}

现在我可以安装了。

2021-05-18 09:38:38

如果您的系统中缺少某些证书，则可能会遇到此问题。在opensuse上安装ca-certificates-mozilla

2018-03-19 20:32:27

你可以试着忽略“https”:

pip install --index-url=http://pypi.python.org/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.python.org  [your package..]
2017-05-17 13:57:33

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