来自digitalpeer.com，稍作修改：

用法myscript.sh-p=my_prefix-s=dirname-l=libname

#!/bin/bash
for i in "$@"
do
case $i in
    -p=*|--prefix=*)
    PREFIX="${i#*=}"

    ;;
    -s=*|--searchpath=*)
    SEARCHPATH="${i#*=}"
    ;;
    -l=*|--lib=*)
    DIR="${i#*=}"
    ;;
    --default)
    DEFAULT=YES
    ;;
    *)
            # unknown option
    ;;
esac
done
echo PREFIX = ${PREFIX}
echo SEARCH PATH = ${SEARCHPATH}
echo DIRS = ${DIR}
echo DEFAULT = ${DEFAULT}

要更好地理解${i#*=}，请在本指南中搜索“Substring Removal”。它在功能上等同于调用一个不需要的子流程的‘sed’s/[^=]*=//'<<<“$i”`或调用两个不需要子流程的“echo”$i”|sed’s/[^=]*=//'`。

这也可能很有用：您可以设置一个值，如果有人提供输入，则使用该值覆盖默认值。

myscript.sh-f/serverlist.txt或只是/myscript.sh（它采用默认值）

    #!/bin/bash
    # --- set the value, if there is inputs, override the defaults.

    HOME_FOLDER="${HOME}/owned_id_checker"
    SERVER_FILE_LIST="${HOME_FOLDER}/server_list.txt"

    while [[ $# > 1 ]]
    do
    key="$1"
    shift
    
    case $key in
        -i|--inputlist)
        SERVER_FILE_LIST="$1"
        shift
        ;;
    esac
    done

    
    echo "SERVER LIST   = ${SERVER_FILE_LIST}"

根据这里的其他答案，这是我的版本：

#!/bin/bash
set -e

function parse() {
    for arg in "$@"; do # transform long options to short ones
        shift
        case "$arg" in
            "--name") set -- "$@" "-n" ;;
            "--verbose") set -- "$@" "-v" ;;
            *) set -- "$@" "$arg"
        esac
    done

    while getopts "n:v" optname  # left to ":" are flags that expect a value, right to the ":" are flags that expect nothing
    do
        case "$optname" in
            "n") name=${OPTARG} ;;
            "v") verbose=true ;;
        esac
    done
    shift "$((OPTIND-1))" # shift out all the already processed options
}


parse "$@"
echo "hello $name"
if [ ! -z $verbose ]; then echo 'nice to meet you!'; fi

用法：

$ ./parse.sh
hello
$ ./parse.sh -n YOUR_NAME
hello YOUR_NAME
$ ./parse.sh -n YOUR_NAME -v
hello YOUR_NAME
nice to meet you!
$ ./parse.sh -v -n YOUR_NAME
hello YOUR_NAME
nice to meet you!
$ ./parse.sh -v
hello 
nice to meet you!

这是我在函数中如何避免在堆栈的较高位置同时中断getopts运行：

function waitForWeb () {
   local OPTIND=1 OPTARG OPTION
   local host=localhost port=8080 proto=http
   while getopts "h:p:r:" OPTION; do
      case "$OPTION" in
      h)
         host="$OPTARG"
         ;;
      p)
         port="$OPTARG"
         ;;
      r)
         proto="$OPTARG"
         ;;
      esac
   done
...
}

while [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; do
  case "$1" in
    -n) name="$2"; shift 2;;
    -p) pidfile="$2"; shift 2;;
    -l) logfile="$2"; shift 2;;

    --name=*) name="${1#*=}"; shift 1;;
    --pidfile=*) pidfile="${1#*=}"; shift 1;;
    --logfile=*) logfile="${1#*=}"; shift 1;;
    --name|--pidfile|--logfile) echo "$1 requires an argument" >&2; exit 1;;
    
    -*) echo "unknown option: $1" >&2; exit 1;;
    *) handle_argument "$1"; shift 1;;
  esac
done

此解决方案：

句柄-n arg和--name=arg允许在末尾使用参数如果有任何拼写错误，则显示正常错误兼容，不使用抨击可读，不需要在循环中维护状态

混合位置和基于标志的参数

--param=arg（等于分隔符）

在位置参数之间自由混合标志：

./script.sh dumbo 127.0.0.1 --environment=production -q -d
./script.sh dumbo --environment=production 127.0.0.1 --quiet -d

可以用相当简洁的方法完成：

# process flags
pointer=1
while [[ $pointer -le $# ]]; do
   param=${!pointer}
   if [[ $param != "-"* ]]; then ((pointer++)) # not a parameter flag so advance pointer
   else
      case $param in
         # paramter-flags with arguments
         -e=*|--environment=*) environment="${param#*=}";;
                  --another=*) another="${param#*=}";;

         # binary flags
         -q|--quiet) quiet=true;;
                 -d) debug=true;;
      esac

      # splice out pointer frame from positional list
      [[ $pointer -gt 1 ]] \
         && set -- ${@:1:((pointer - 1))} ${@:((pointer + 1)):$#} \
         || set -- ${@:((pointer + 1)):$#};
   fi
done

# positional remain
node_name=$1
ip_address=$2

--参数arg（空格分隔）

通常情况下，不混合--flag=value和--flag值样式会更清晰。

./script.sh dumbo 127.0.0.1 --environment production -q -d

这读起来有点冒险，但仍然有效

./script.sh dumbo --environment production 127.0.0.1 --quiet -d

来源

# process flags
pointer=1
while [[ $pointer -le $# ]]; do
   if [[ ${!pointer} != "-"* ]]; then ((pointer++)) # not a parameter flag so advance pointer
   else
      param=${!pointer}
      ((pointer_plus = pointer + 1))
      slice_len=1

      case $param in
         # paramter-flags with arguments
         -e|--environment) environment=${!pointer_plus}; ((slice_len++));;
                --another) another=${!pointer_plus}; ((slice_len++));;

         # binary flags
         -q|--quiet) quiet=true;;
                 -d) debug=true;;
      esac

      # splice out pointer frame from positional list
      [[ $pointer -gt 1 ]] \
         && set -- ${@:1:((pointer - 1))} ${@:((pointer + $slice_len)):$#} \
         || set -- ${@:((pointer + $slice_len)):$#};
   fi
done

# positional remain
node_name=$1
ip_address=$2