使用defaultValue预选Select的值。

<Select defaultValue={[{ value: category.published, label: 'Publish' }]} options={statusOptions} onChange={handleStatusChange} />

我正在为语言选择器制作下拉菜单-但我需要下拉菜单在页面加载时显示当前语言。我要么从URL param example.com?user_language=fr获取我的初始语言，要么从用户的浏览器设置中检测它。然后，当用户与下拉菜单交互时，所选语言将被更新，语言选择器下拉菜单将显示当前所选语言。

因为这整篇文章都在举水果的例子，所以我为你准备了各种水果的好处。

首先，用一个基本的React功能组件回答最初提出的问题——两个带和不带道具的示例，然后如何将组件导入到其他地方。 接下来，同样的例子-但与Typescript。 然后是一个额外的结局-使用Typescript的语言选择器下拉组件。

基本React(16.13.1)功能组件示例。两个例子的FruitSelectDropdown，一个没有道具和一个接受道具的fruitDetector

import React, { useState } from 'react'

export const FruitSelectDropdown = () => {
  const [currentFruit, setCurrentFruit] = useState('oranges')
  
  const changeFruit = (newFruit) => {
    setCurrentFruit(newFruit)
  }
  
  return (
    <form>
      <select 
        onChange={(event) => changeFruit(event.target.value)}
        value={currentFruit}
      >
        <option value="apples">Red Apples</option>
        <option value="oranges">Outrageous Oranges</option>
        <option value="tomatoes">Technically a Fruit Tomatoes</option>
        <option value="bananas">Bodacious Bananas</option>
      </select>
    </form>
  )
}

或者你可以让FruitSelectDropdown接受道具，也许你有一个输出字符串的函数，你可以使用fruitDetector道具来传递它

import React, { useState } from 'react'

export const FruitSelectDropdown = ({ fruitDetector }) => {
  const [currentFruit, setCurrentFruit] = useState(fruitDetector)
  
  const changeFruit = (newFruit) => {
    setCurrentFruit(newFruit)
  }
  
  return (
    <form>
      <select 
        onChange={(event) => changeFruit(event.target.value)}
        value={currentFruit}
      >
        <option value="apples">Red Apples</option>
        <option value="oranges">Outrageous Oranges</option>
        <option value="tomatoes">Technically a Fruit Tomatoes</option>
        <option value="bananas">Bodacious Bananas</option>
      </select>
    </form>
  )
}

然后在你的应用程序的其他地方导入FruitSelectDropdown

import React from 'react'
import { FruitSelectDropdown } from '../path/to/FruitSelectDropdown'

const App = () => {
  return (
    <div className="page-container">
      <h1 className="header">A webpage about fruit</h1>
      <div className="section-container">
        <h2>Pick your favorite fruit</h2>
        <FruitSelectDropdown fruitDetector='bananas' />

      </div>
    </div>
  )
}

export default App

带有Typescript的FruitSelectDropdown

import React, { FC, useState } from 'react'

type FruitProps = {
  fruitDetector: string;
}

export const FruitSelectDropdown: FC<FruitProps> = ({ fruitDetector }) => {
  const [currentFruit, setCurrentFruit] = useState(fruitDetector)
  
  const changeFruit = (newFruit: string): void => {
    setCurrentFruit(newFruit)
  }
  
  return (
    <form>
      <select 
        onChange={(event) => changeFruit(event.target.value)}
        value={currentFruit}
      >
        <option value="apples">Red Apples</option>
        <option value="oranges">Outrageous Oranges</option>
        <option value="tomatoes">Technically a Fruit Tomatoes</option>
        <option value="bananas">Bodacious Bananas</option>
      </select>
    </form>
  )
}

然后在你的应用程序的其他地方导入FruitSelectDropdown

import React, { FC } from 'react'
import { FruitSelectDropdown } from '../path/to/FruitSelectDropdown'

const App: FC = () => {
  return (
    <div className="page-container">
      <h1 className="header">A webpage about fruit</h1>
      <div className="section-container">
        <h2>Pick your favorite fruit</h2>
        <FruitSelectDropdown fruitDetector='bananas' />

      </div>
    </div>
  )
}

export default App

奖励轮:翻译下拉菜单与选定的当前值:

import React, { FC, useState } from 'react'
import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'

export const LanguageSelectDropdown: FC = () => {
  const { i18n } = useTranslation()
  const i18nLanguage = i18n.language
  const [currentI18nLanguage, setCurrentI18nLanguage] = useState(i18nLanguage)
  
  const changeLanguage = (language: string): void => {
    i18n.changeLanguage(language)
    setCurrentI18nLanguage(language)
  }
  
  return (
    <form>
      <select 
        onChange={(event) => changeLanguage(event.target.value)}
        value={currentI18nLanguage}
      >
        <option value="en">English</option>
        <option value="de">Deutsch</option>
        <option value="es">Español</option>
        <option value="fr">Français</option>
      </select>
    </form>
  )
}

React/Typescript的无价资源

我有一个简单的解决方案是遵循HTML基本。

<input
  type="select"
  defaultValue=""
  >
  <option value="" disabled className="text-hide">Please select</option>
  <option>value1</option>
  <option>value1</option>
</input>

.text-hide是一个bootstrap的类，如果你不使用bootstrap，这里是:

.text-hide {
  font: 0/0 a;
  color: transparent;
  text-shadow: none;
  background-color: transparent;
  border: 0;
}

如果你使用无状态，那么

const IndexPage =({states, selectedState}) => {
return(
    <select id="states" defaultValue={selectedState} name="state">
{states.map(state=> (
                      <option value={state.id} key={state.id}>{state.name}</option>
                      ))
                      }
                    </select>
)
}

简单地添加作为选择标签的第一个选项:

<option disabled hidden value=''></option>

这将成为默认值，当您选择一个有效的选项将设置在您的状态

下面是如何做到这一点的最新例子。来自react文档，加上自动绑定“肥箭头”方法语法。

class FlavorForm extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {value: 'coconut'};
  }

  handleChange = (event) =>
    this.setState({value: event.target.value});

  handleSubmit = (event) => {
    alert('Your favorite flavor is: ' + this.state.value);
    event.preventDefault();
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Pick your favorite flavor:
          <select value={this.state.value} onChange={this.handleChange}>
            <option value="grapefruit">Grapefruit</option>
            <option value="lime">Lime</option>
            <option value="coconut">Coconut</option>
            <option value="mango">Mango</option>
          </select>
        </label>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
      </form>
    );
  }
}