在我的模型中我有:

class Alias(MyBaseModel):
remote_image = models.URLField(
    max_length=500, null=True,
    help_text='''
        A URL that is downloaded and cached for the image.
        Only used when the alias is made
    '''
)
    image = models.ImageField(
        upload_to='alias', default='alias-default.png',
        help_text="An image representing the alias"
    )

    
    def save(self, *args, **kw):
        if (not self.image or self.image.name == 'alias-default.png') and self.remote_image :
            try :
                data = utils.fetch(self.remote_image)
                image = StringIO.StringIO(data)
                image = Image.open(image)
                buf = StringIO.StringIO()
                image.save(buf, format='PNG')
                self.image.save(
                    hashlib.md5(self.string_id).hexdigest() + ".png", ContentFile(buf.getvalue())
                )
            except IOError :
                pass

这在remote_image第一次改变的时候工作得很好。

当有人修改了别名上的remote_image时,我如何获取一个新的图像?其次,是否有更好的方法来缓存远程映像?


当前回答

我扩展了@livskiy的mixin,如下所示:

class ModelDiffMixin(models.Model):
    """
    A model mixin that tracks model fields' values and provide some useful api
    to know what fields have been changed.
    """
    _dict = DictField(editable=False)
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ModelDiffMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self._initial = self._dict

    @property
    def diff(self):
        d1 = self._initial
        d2 = self._dict
        diffs = [(k, (v, d2[k])) for k, v in d1.items() if v != d2[k]]
        return dict(diffs)

    @property
    def has_changed(self):
        return bool(self.diff)

    @property
    def changed_fields(self):
        return self.diff.keys()

    def get_field_diff(self, field_name):
        """
        Returns a diff for field if it's changed and None otherwise.
        """
        return self.diff.get(field_name, None)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Saves model and set initial state.
        """
        object_dict = model_to_dict(self,
               fields=[field.name for field in self._meta.fields])
        for field in object_dict:
            # for FileFields
            if issubclass(object_dict[field].__class__, FieldFile):
                try:
                    object_dict[field] = object_dict[field].path
                except :
                    object_dict[field] = object_dict[field].name

            # TODO: add other non-serializable field types
        self._dict = object_dict
        super(ModelDiffMixin, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

DictField为:

class DictField(models.TextField):
    __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase
    description = "Stores a python dict"

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(DictField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def to_python(self, value):
        if not value:
            value = {}

        if isinstance(value, dict):
            return value

        return json.loads(value)

    def get_prep_value(self, value):
        if value is None:
            return value
        return json.dumps(value)

    def value_to_string(self, obj):
        value = self._get_val_from_obj(obj)
        return self.get_db_prep_value(value)

可以通过在模型中扩展它来使用它 一个_dict字段将在同步/迁移时添加,该字段将存储对象的状态

其他回答

自从Django 1.8发布以来,你可以使用from_db类方法来缓存remote_image的旧值。然后在保存方法中,您可以比较字段的旧值和新值,以检查该值是否已更改。

@classmethod
def from_db(cls, db, field_names, values):
    new = super(Alias, cls).from_db(db, field_names, values)
    # cache value went from the base
    new._loaded_remote_image = values[field_names.index('remote_image')]
    return new

def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None,
         update_fields=None):
    if (self._state.adding and self.remote_image) or \
        (not self._state.adding and self._loaded_remote_image != self.remote_image):
        # If it is first save and there is no cached remote_image but there is new one, 
        # or the value of remote_image has changed - do your stuff!

用David Cramer的解决方案怎么样:

http://cramer.io/2010/12/06/tracking-changes-to-fields-in-django/

我曾经这样成功地使用过:

@track_data('name')
class Mode(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=5)
    mode = models.CharField(max_length=5)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.has_changed('name'):
            print 'name changed'

    # OR #

    @classmethod
    def post_save(cls, sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
        if instance.has_changed('name'):
            print "Hooray!"

有一个属性__dict__,它将所有字段作为键,并将值作为字段值。所以我们可以比较其中两个

只需将模型的save函数更改为下面的函数即可

def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None):
    if self.pk is not None:
        initial = A.objects.get(pk=self.pk)
        initial_json, final_json = initial.__dict__.copy(), self.__dict__.copy()
        initial_json.pop('_state'), final_json.pop('_state')
        only_changed_fields = {k: {'final_value': final_json[k], 'initial_value': initial_json[k]} for k in initial_json if final_json[k] != initial_json[k]}
        print(only_changed_fields)
    super(A, self).save(force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None)

使用示例:

class A(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True, blank=True)
    senior = models.CharField(choices=choices, max_length=3)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    def save(self, force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None):
        if self.pk is not None:
            initial = A.objects.get(pk=self.pk)
            initial_json, final_json = initial.__dict__.copy(), self.__dict__.copy()
            initial_json.pop('_state'), final_json.pop('_state')
            only_changed_fields = {k: {'final_value': final_json[k], 'initial_value': initial_json[k]} for k in initial_json if final_json[k] != initial_json[k]}
            print(only_changed_fields)
        super(A, self).save(force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None)

产生只包含已更改字段的输出

{'name': {'initial_value': '1234515', 'final_value': 'nim'}, 'senior': {'initial_value': 'no', 'final_value': 'yes'}}

这是另一种方法。

class Parameter(models.Model):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Parameter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.__original_value = self.value

    def clean(self,*args,**kwargs):
        if self.__original_value == self.value:
            print("igual")
        else:
            print("distinto")

    def save(self,*args,**kwargs):
        self.full_clean()
        return super(Parameter, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
        self.__original_value = self.value

    key = models.CharField(max_length=24, db_index=True, unique=True)
    value = models.CharField(max_length=128)

根据文档:验证对象

full_clean()执行的第二步是调用Model.clean()。应该重写此方法,以便在模型上执行自定义验证。 此方法应用于提供自定义模型验证,并根据需要修改模型上的属性。例如,你可以使用它来自动为一个字段提供一个值,或者进行验证,需要访问多个字段:

虽然这实际上并没有回答你的问题,但我会以不同的方式来讨论这个问题。

成功保存本地副本后,只需清除remote_image字段。然后在保存方法中,只要remote_image不为空,就可以随时更新图像。

如果您想保留对url的引用,您可以使用一个不可编辑的布尔字段来处理缓存标志,而不是使用remote_image字段本身。