import socket
socket.gethostbyname(socket.getfqdn())

在Debian上(经过测试)，我怀疑大多数Linux ..

import commands

RetMyIP = commands.getoutput("hostname -I")

在MS Windows上(已测试)

import socket

socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())

这将在大多数linux盒子上工作:

import socket, subprocess, re
def get_ipv4_address():
    """
    Returns IP address(es) of current machine.
    :return:
    """
    p = subprocess.Popen(["ifconfig"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
    ifc_resp = p.communicate()
    patt = re.compile(r'inet\s*\w*\S*:\s*(\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})')
    resp = patt.findall(ifc_resp[0])
    print resp

get_ipv4_address()

在Linux上:

>>> import socket, struct, fcntl
>>> sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
>>> sockfd = sock.fileno()
>>> SIOCGIFADDR = 0x8915
>>>
>>> def get_ip(iface = 'eth0'):
...     ifreq = struct.pack('16sH14s', iface, socket.AF_INET, '\x00'*14)
...     try:
...         res = fcntl.ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, ifreq)
...     except:
...         return None
...     ip = struct.unpack('16sH2x4s8x', res)[2]
...     return socket.inet_ntoa(ip)
... 
>>> get_ip('eth0')
'10.80.40.234'
>>> 

如果计算机有到Internet的路由，即使/etc/hosts没有正确设置，这也将始终工作以获得首选的本地ip地址。

import socket

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect(('8.8.8.8', 1))  # connect() for UDP doesn't send packets
local_ip_address = s.getsockname()[0]

import socket
print(socket.gethostbyname(socket.getfqdn()))