As a general rule use encodeURIComponent. Don't be scared of the long name thinking it's more specific in it's use, to me it's the more commonly used method. Also don't be suckered into using encodeURI because you tested it and it appears to be encoding properly, it's probably not what you meant to use and even though your simple test using "Fred" in a first name field worked, you'll find later when you use more advanced text like adding an ampersand or a hashtag it will fail. You can look at the other answers for the reasons why this is.

encodeURI和encodeURIComponent用于不同的目的。 一些不同之处在于

encodeURI用于编码完整的URL，而encodeURIComponent用于编码URI组件，例如查询字符串。 有11个字符不是由encodeURI编码的，而是由encodeURIComponent编码的。 列表:

注: encodeURIComponent不编码-_.!~*'()。如果要对这些字符进行编码，则必须将它们替换为相应的UTF-8序列字符

如果您想了解更多关于encodeURI和encodeURIComponent的信息，请查看参考链接。 参考链接

As a general rule use encodeURIComponent. Don't be scared of the long name thinking it's more specific in it's use, to me it's the more commonly used method. Also don't be suckered into using encodeURI because you tested it and it appears to be encoding properly, it's probably not what you meant to use and even though your simple test using "Fred" in a first name field worked, you'll find later when you use more advanced text like adding an ampersand or a hashtag it will fail. You can look at the other answers for the reasons why this is.

以下是摘要。

Escape()不会编码@ * _ + -。/ 不要使用它。 encodeURI()不会编码A-Z A-Z 0-9;， / ?: @ & = + $ - _。！ ~ * ' () # 当你的输入是一个完整的URL，如“https://searchexample.com/search?q=wiki”时使用它 encodeURIComponent()不会编码A-Z A-Z 0-9 - _。！ ~ * ' () 当您的输入是完整URL的一部分时使用它 如 const queryStr = encodeURIComponent(someString)

encodeURI和encodeURIComponent的区别:

encodeURIComponent(value)主要用于编码queryString参数值，它对value中每个适用的字符进行编码。encodeURI忽略协议前缀(http://)和域名)。

在非常非常罕见的情况下，当你想实现手动编码来编码额外的字符时(尽管在典型情况下不需要编码)，例如:!*，则 你可以用:

function fixedEncodeURIComponent(str) {
  return encodeURIComponent(str).replace(/[!*]/g, function(c) {
    return '%' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16);
  });
}

(源)

encodeURIComponent():假设它的参数是一个部分(比如协议、主机名、路径或查询字符串) URI的。因此，它转义了用于分隔URI部分的标点符号。

encodeURI():用于对已有url进行编码