我正在做一些SQL选择查询,并希望将我的UTC日期时间列转换为本地时间,以便在我的查询结果中显示为本地时间。注意,我不希望通过代码进行这种转换,而是当我对我的数据库进行手动和随机SQL查询时。
当前回答
第一个功能:配置为意大利时区(+1,+2),切换日期:3月和10月的最后一个星期天,返回当前时区与datetime的差值作为参数。
Returns:
current timezone < parameter timezone ==> +1
current timezone > parameter timezone ==> -1
else 0
代码是:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[UF_ADJUST_OFFSET]
(
@dt_utc datetime2(7)
)
RETURNS INT
AS
BEGIN
declare @month int,
@year int,
@current_offset int,
@offset_since int,
@offset int,
@yearmonth varchar(8),
@changeoffsetdate datetime2(7)
declare @lastweek table(giorno datetime2(7))
select @current_offset = DATEDIFF(hh, GETUTCDATE(), GETDATE())
select @month = datepart(month, @dt_utc)
if @month < 3 or @month > 10 Begin Set @offset_since = 1 Goto JMP End
if @month > 3 and @month < 10 Begin Set @offset_since = 2 Goto JMP End
--If i'm here is march or october
select @year = datepart(yyyy, @dt_utc)
if @month = 3
Begin
Set @yearmonth = cast(@year as varchar) + '-03-'
Insert Into @lastweek Values(@yearmonth + '31 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '30 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '29 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '28 03:00:00.000000'),
(@yearmonth + '27 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '26 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '25 03:00:00.000000')
--Last week of march
Select @changeoffsetdate = giorno From @lastweek Where datepart(weekday, giorno) = 1
if @dt_utc < @changeoffsetdate
Begin
Set @offset_since = 1
End Else Begin
Set @offset_since = 2
End
End
if @month = 10
Begin
Set @yearmonth = cast(@year as varchar) + '-10-'
Insert Into @lastweek Values(@yearmonth + '31 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '30 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '29 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '28 03:00:00.000000'),
(@yearmonth + '27 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '26 03:00:00.000000'),(@yearmonth + '25 03:00:00.000000')
--Last week of october
Select @changeoffsetdate = giorno From @lastweek Where datepart(weekday, giorno) = 1
if @dt_utc > @changeoffsetdate
Begin
Set @offset_since = 1
End Else Begin
Set @offset_since = 2
End
End
JMP:
if @current_offset < @offset_since Begin
Set @offset = 1
End Else if @current_offset > @offset_since Set @offset = -1 Else Set @offset = 0
Return @offset
END
然后是转换日期的函数
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[UF_CONVERT]
(
@dt_utc datetime2(7)
)
RETURNS datetime
AS
BEGIN
declare @offset int
Select @offset = dbo.UF_ADJUST_OFFSET(@dt_utc)
if @dt_utc >= '9999-12-31 22:59:59.9999999'
set @dt_utc = '9999-12-31 23:59:59.9999999'
Else
set @dt_utc = (SELECT DATEADD(mi, DATEDIFF(mi, GETUTCDATE(), GETDATE()), @dt_utc) )
if @offset <> 0
Set @dt_utc = dateadd(hh, @offset, @dt_utc)
RETURN @dt_utc
END
其他回答
我发现当有大量数据时,一次性函数的方法太慢了。因此,我通过连接到一个允许计算小时差的表函数来实现它,它基本上是带有小时偏移量的datetime分段。一年是4行。这个表格函数
dbo.fn_getTimeZoneOffsets('3/1/2007 7:00am', '11/5/2007 9:00am', 'EPT')
将返回这个表:
startTime endTime offset isHr2
3/1/07 7:00 3/11/07 6:59 -5 0
3/11/07 7:00 11/4/07 6:59 -4 0
11/4/07 7:00 11/4/07 7:59 -5 1
11/4/07 8:00 11/5/07 9:00 -5 0
它确实考虑了夏时制。下面是它如何使用的示例,完整的博客文章在这里。
select mt.startTime as startUTC,
dateadd(hh, tzStart.offset, mt.startTime) as startLocal,
tzStart.isHr2
from MyTable mt
inner join dbo.fn_getTimeZoneOffsets(@startViewUTC, @endViewUTC, @timeZone) tzStart
on mt.startTime between tzStart.startTime and tzStart.endTime
最简单的答案并不总是在底部,但这一次是,并且可以在上面的评论中看到。 使用您自己的“AT TIME ZONE”来捕获列/数据字段的TzOffset,而不是当前的SYSDATETIME。 在下面的数据中,2个查询,一个关于feb数据(DST是关闭的,在阿姆斯特丹的冬天)+1差异 第二次查询阿姆斯特丹4月份的数据,所以+2小时的差异。
select top 2 month(receiveTimeUTC) as MonthInWinterOrSpring
, receiveTimeUTC
, CONVERT(datetime, SWITCHOFFSET(CONVERT(datetimeoffset, receiveTimeUTC), DATENAME(TzOffset, SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()))) as LocalTimeWrongNoDST
, CONVERT(datetime, SWITCHOFFSET(CONVERT(datetimeoffset, receiveTimeUTC), DATENAME(TzOffset, receiveTimeUTC AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time' ))) as LocalTimeWithDST
from sensordetails order by id
select top 2 month(receiveTimeUTC) as MonthInWinterOrSpring, receiveTimeUTC
, CONVERT(datetime, SWITCHOFFSET(CONVERT(datetimeoffset, receiveTimeUTC), DATENAME(TzOffset, SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()))) as LocalTimeWrongNoDST
, CONVERT(datetime, SWITCHOFFSET(CONVERT(datetimeoffset, receiveTimeUTC), DATENAME(TzOffset, receiveTimeUTC AT TIME ZONE 'Central European Standard Time' ))) as LocalTimeWithDST
from sensordetails order by id desc
结果:
所以这是一个T-SQL (SQL Server Answer),不需要函数的storedproc。
对于任何仍然试图解决这个问题的人,这里有一个在SQL Server 2017中工作的概念证明
declare
@StartDate date = '2020-01-01'
;with cte_utc as
(
select
1 as i
,CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate) AS UTC
,datepart(weekday, CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate)) as Weekday
,datepart(month, CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate)) as [Month]
,datepart(YEAR, CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate)) as [Year]
union all
Select
i + 1
,dateadd(d, 1, utc)
,datepart(weekday, CONVERT(datetime, dateadd(d, 1, utc))) as Weekday
,datepart(month, CONVERT(datetime, dateadd(d, 1, utc))) as [Month]
,datepart(YEAR, CONVERT(datetime, dateadd(d, 1, utc))) as [Year]
from
cte_utc
where
(i + 1) < 32767
), cte_utc_dates as
(
select
*,
DENSE_RANK()OVER(PARTITION BY [Year], [Month], [Weekday] ORDER BY Utc) WeekDayIndex
from
cte_utc
), cte_hours as (
select 0 as [Hour]
union all
select [Hour] + 1 from cte_hours where [Hour] < 23
)
select
d.*
, DATEADD(hour, h.Hour, d.UTC) AS UtcTime
,CONVERT(datetime, DATEADD(hour, h.Hour, d.UTC) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Central Standard Time') CST
,CONVERT(datetime, DATEADD(hour, h.Hour, d.UTC) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time') EST
from
cte_utc_dates d, cte_hours h
where
([Month] = 3 and [Weekday] = 1 and WeekDayIndex = 2 )-- dst start
or
([Month] = 11 and [Weekday] = 1 and WeekDayIndex = 1 )-- dst end
order by
utc
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 32767)
GO
您必须重新格式化字符串以及转换为正确的时间。在这种情况下,我需要祖鲁时间。
Declare @Date datetime;
Declare @DateString varchar(50);
set @Date = GETDATE();
declare @ZuluTime datetime;
Declare @DateFrom varchar (50);
Declare @DateTo varchar (50);
set @ZuluTime = DATEADD(second, DATEDIFF(second, GETDATE(), GETUTCDATE()), @Date);
set @DateString = FORMAT(@ZuluTime, 'yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ssZ', 'en-US' )
select @DateString;
下面的版本考虑了夏令时、UTC抵消,并且没有锁定到特定的年份。
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Name: udfToLocalTime.sql
--Purpose: To convert UTC to local US time accounting for DST
--Author: Patrick Slesicki
--Date: 3/25/2014
--Notes: Works on SQL Server 2008R2 and later, maybe SQL Server 2008 as well.
-- Good only for US States observing the Energy Policy Act of 2005.
-- Function doesn't apply for years prior to 2007.
-- Function assumes that the 1st day of the week is Sunday.
--Tests:
-- SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-03-09 9:00', DEFAULT)
-- SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-03-09 10:00', DEFAULT)
-- SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-11-02 8:00', DEFAULT)
-- SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-11-02 9:00', DEFAULT)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALTER FUNCTION udfToLocalTime
(
@UtcDateTime AS DATETIME
,@UtcOffset AS INT = -8 --PST
)
RETURNS DATETIME
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@PstDateTime AS DATETIME
,@Year AS CHAR(4)
,@DstStart AS DATETIME
,@DstEnd AS DATETIME
,@Mar1 AS DATETIME
,@Nov1 AS DATETIME
,@MarTime AS TIME
,@NovTime AS TIME
,@Mar1Day AS INT
,@Nov1Day AS INT
,@MarDiff AS INT
,@NovDiff AS INT
SELECT
@Year = YEAR(@UtcDateTime)
,@MarTime = CONVERT(TIME, DATEADD(HOUR, -@UtcOffset, '1900-01-01 02:00'))
,@NovTime = CONVERT(TIME, DATEADD(HOUR, -@UtcOffset - 1, '1900-01-01 02:00'))
,@Mar1 = CONVERT(CHAR(16), @Year + '-03-01 ' + CONVERT(CHAR(5), @MarTime), 126)
,@Nov1 = CONVERT(CHAR(16), @Year + '-11-01 ' + CONVERT(CHAR(5), @NovTime), 126)
,@Mar1Day = DATEPART(WEEKDAY, @Mar1)
,@Nov1Day = DATEPART(WEEKDAY, @Nov1)
--Get number of days between Mar 1 and DST start date
IF @Mar1Day = 1 SET @MarDiff = 7
ELSE SET @MarDiff = 15 - @Mar1Day
--Get number of days between Nov 1 and DST end date
IF @Nov1Day = 1 SET @NovDiff = 0
ELSE SET @NovDiff = 8 - @Nov1Day
--Get DST start and end dates
SELECT
@DstStart = DATEADD(DAY, @MarDiff, @Mar1)
,@DstEnd = DATEADD(DAY, @NovDiff, @Nov1)
--Change UTC offset if @UtcDateTime is in DST Range
IF @UtcDateTime >= @DstStart AND @UtcDateTime < @DstEnd SET @UtcOffset = @UtcOffset + 1
--Get Conversion
SET @PstDateTime = DATEADD(HOUR, @UtcOffset, @UtcDateTime)
RETURN @PstDateTime
END
GO
推荐文章
- 如何在Ruby On Rails中使用NuoDB手动执行SQL命令
- 查询JSON类型内的数组元素
- 确定记录是否存在的最快方法
- 获得PostgreSQL数据库中当前连接数的正确查询
- 在SQL选择语句Order By 1的目的是什么?
- 从现有模式生成表关系图(SQL Server)
- 我如何循环通过一组记录在SQL Server?
- 数据库和模式的区别
- 如何在SQL Server中一次更改多个列
- 如何从命令行通过mysql运行一个查询?
- 外键约束可能导致循环或多条级联路径?
- 使用LIMIT/OFFSET运行查询,还可以获得总行数
- 当恢复sql时,psql无效命令\N
- 货币应该使用哪种数据类型?
- 如何选择每一行的列值不是独特的