谷歌不让我搜索|=,所以我很难找到相关的文件。有人知道吗?
当前回答
希望这也能帮助其他人理解:
dict1 = {'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict1'}
dict2 = {'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict3 = dict1.copy()
dict3 = dict3 | dict2
dict4 = dict1.copy()
dict4 |= dict2
print(f'dict1:\n {dict1}')
print(f'dict2:\n {dict2}')
print(f'dict1 after dict1 = dict1 | dict2 (dict2 index c replaces dict1 index c, items in dict1 are discarded if present in dict2):\n {dict3}')
print(f'dict1 after dict1 |= dict2 (same behaviour as dict1 = dict1 | dict2):\n {dict4}')
dict5 = dict1.copy()
dict5 = dict2 | dict5
dict6 = dict2.copy()
dict6 |= dict1
print(f'dict1 after dict1 = dict2 | dict1 (dict2 index c is missing, dict1 index c was retained, items in dict2 are discarded if present in dict1):\n {dict5}')
print(f'dict2 after dict2 |= dict1 (same behaviour as dict2 = dict2 | dict1):\n {dict6}')
dict1:
{'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict1'}
dict2:
{'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict1 after dict1 = dict1 | dict2 (dict2 index c replaces dict1 index c, items in dict1 are discarded if present in dict2):
{'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict1 after dict1 |= dict2 (same behaviour as dict1 = dict1 | dict2):
{'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict1 after dict1 = dict2 | dict1 (dict2 index c is missing, dict1 index c was retained, items in dict2 are discarded if present in dict1):
{'c': 'dict1', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2', 'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1'}
dict2 after dict2 |= dict1 (same behaviour as dict2 = dict2 | dict1):
{'c': 'dict1', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2', 'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1'}
其他回答
当与set一起使用时,它执行联合操作。
在Python中,|=(ior)类似于联合运算。 例如,如果x=5和x|=5,那么两个值都将首先转换为二进制值,然后执行并集操作,我们得到答案5。
给出一个用例(在花时间分析其他答案之后):
def process(item):
return bool(item) # imagine some sort of complex processing taking place above
def any_success(data): # return True if at least one is successful
at_least_one = False
for item in data:
at_least_one |= process(item)
return at_least_one
>>> any_success([False, False, False])
False
>>> any_success([True, False, False])
True
>>> any_success([False, True, False])
True
基本上没有短路:如果你需要处理每个项目并记录至少一次成功,可能会有用。
请参见此回答中的注意事项
希望这也能帮助其他人理解:
dict1 = {'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict1'}
dict2 = {'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict3 = dict1.copy()
dict3 = dict3 | dict2
dict4 = dict1.copy()
dict4 |= dict2
print(f'dict1:\n {dict1}')
print(f'dict2:\n {dict2}')
print(f'dict1 after dict1 = dict1 | dict2 (dict2 index c replaces dict1 index c, items in dict1 are discarded if present in dict2):\n {dict3}')
print(f'dict1 after dict1 |= dict2 (same behaviour as dict1 = dict1 | dict2):\n {dict4}')
dict5 = dict1.copy()
dict5 = dict2 | dict5
dict6 = dict2.copy()
dict6 |= dict1
print(f'dict1 after dict1 = dict2 | dict1 (dict2 index c is missing, dict1 index c was retained, items in dict2 are discarded if present in dict1):\n {dict5}')
print(f'dict2 after dict2 |= dict1 (same behaviour as dict2 = dict2 | dict1):\n {dict6}')
dict1:
{'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict1'}
dict2:
{'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict1 after dict1 = dict1 | dict2 (dict2 index c replaces dict1 index c, items in dict1 are discarded if present in dict2):
{'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict1 after dict1 |= dict2 (same behaviour as dict1 = dict1 | dict2):
{'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1', 'c': 'dict2', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2'}
dict1 after dict1 = dict2 | dict1 (dict2 index c is missing, dict1 index c was retained, items in dict2 are discarded if present in dict1):
{'c': 'dict1', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2', 'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1'}
dict2 after dict2 |= dict1 (same behaviour as dict2 = dict2 | dict1):
{'c': 'dict1', 'd': 'dict2', 'e': 'dict2', 'a': 'dict1', 'b': 'dict1'}
|是位或。所以x |= y等价于x = x | y。
对于集合,|有一个相关的含义:集合并集。与你在数学中使用OR求两个集合的交集相同,你可以在python中使用|
*注意:这两个表达式不是100%等效的。在x |= y后,id(x) == id(y)。x = x | y后,id(x) != id(y)
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