知道枚举就像其他具有常量字段和私有构造函数的类一样是有用的。

例如,

public enum Weekday
{
  MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY
} 

编译器按如下方式编译它;

class Weekday extends Enum
{
  public static final Weekday MONDAY  = new Weekday( "MONDAY",   0 );
  public static final Weekday TUESDAY = new Weekday( "TUESDAY ", 1 );
  public static final Weekday WEDNESDAY= new Weekday( "WEDNESDAY", 2 );
  public static final Weekday THURSDAY= new Weekday( "THURSDAY", 3 );
  public static final Weekday FRIDAY= new Weekday( "FRIDAY", 4 );
  public static final Weekday SATURDAY= new Weekday( "SATURDAY", 5 );
  public static final Weekday SUNDAY= new Weekday( "SUNDAY", 6 );

  private Weekday( String s, int i )
  {
    super( s, i );
  }

  // other methods...
}

在我看来，你到目前为止的所有答案都是正确的，但根据我的经验，我想用几句话来表达:

如果希望编译器检查标识符值的有效性，请使用枚举。

否则，您可以像往常一样使用字符串(可能您为应用程序定义了一些“约定”)，并且您将非常灵活……但是你不能在你的字符串上获得100%的安全，你只能在运行时意识到它们。

除了@BradB，回答:

That is so true... It's strange that it is the only answer who mention that. When beginners discover enums, they quickly take that as a magic-trick for valid identifier checking for the compiler. And when the code is intended to be use on distributed systems, they cry... some month later. Maintain backward compatibility with enums that contains non static list of values is a real concern, and pain. This is because when you add a value to an existing enum, its type change (despite the name does not).

"Ho, wait, it may look like the same type, right? After all, they’re enums with the same name – and aren’t enums just integers under the hood?" And for these reasons, your compiler will likely not flag the use of one definition of the type itself where it was expecting the other. But in fact, they are (in most important ways) different types. Most importantly, they have different data domains – values that are acceptable given the type. By adding a value, we’ve effectively changed the type of the enum and therefore break backward compatibility.

总之:当你想使用它的时候使用它，但是，请检查所使用的数据域是一个有限的、已知的、固定的集合。

让我恍然大悟的是:Enum有一个私有构造函数，只能通过公共枚举来访问:

enum RGB {
    RED("Red"), GREEN("Green"), BLUE("Blue");

    public static final String PREFIX = "color ";

    public String getRGBString() {
        return PREFIX + color;
    }

    String color;

    RGB(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }
}

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String c = RGB.RED.getRGBString();
        System.out.print("Hello " + c);
    }
}

到目前为止，我从未需要使用枚举。自从它们在1.5或tiger版本中被引入以来，我就一直在阅读有关它们的文章。他们从未真正为我解决过一个“问题”。对于那些使用它的人(我看到他们中的很多人这样做)，我确信它肯定有某种目的。只有我的2英镑。

Java允许将变量限制为只有几个预定义值之一——换句话说，枚举列表中的一个值。 使用枚举可以帮助减少代码中的bug。 下面是一个类外部枚举的例子:

enums coffeesize{BIG , HUGE , OVERWHELMING }; 
//This semicolon is optional.

这限制了咖啡的大小:大的，巨大的，或压倒性的变量。