我有一个SQL Server数据库,我想知道它有什么列和类型。我更喜欢通过查询而不是使用像Enterprise Manager这样的GUI来实现这一点。有办法做到这一点吗?


当前回答

我试过了,对我很有效

exec sp_help TABLE_NAME

其他回答

你可以使用sp_columns存储过程:

exec sp_columns MyTable

试一试:

EXEC [ServerName].[DatabaseName].dbo.sp_columns 'TableName'

你可以得到一些表结构的信息,比如:

Table_qualifier, table_owner, table_name, column_name, data_type, type_name…

SQL Server中与Oracle的describe命令等价的是存储的proc sp_help

describe命令提供了列名、类型、长度等信息。

在SQL Server中,假设你想在数据库'mydb'中的模式'myschema'中描述一个表'mytable',你可以这样做:

USE mydb;
exec sp_help 'myschema.mytable';

这些答案的问题在于,你忽略了关键信息。 虽然这是有点混乱,这是一个快速的版本,我提出,以确保它包含相同的信息MySQL描述显示。

Select SC.name AS 'Field', ISC.DATA_TYPE AS 'Type', ISC.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS 'Length', SC.IS_NULLABLE AS 'Null', I.is_primary_key AS 'Key', SC.is_identity AS 'Identity'
From sys.columns AS SC 
LEFT JOIN sys.index_columns AS IC
ON IC.object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Expenses') AND 
IC.column_id = SC.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.indexes AS I 
ON I.object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Expenses') AND 
IC.index_id = I.index_id
LEFT JOIN information_schema.columns ISC
ON ISC.TABLE_NAME = 'Expenses'
AND ISC.COLUMN_NAME = SC.name
WHERE SC.object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Expenses')
SELECT C.COLUMN_NAME, C.IS_NULLABLE, C.DATA_TYPE, TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, C.COLUMN_DEFAULT
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS C
    FULL JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE AS CC ON C.COLUMN_NAME = CC.COLUMN_NAME 
    FULL JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS TC ON CC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE C.TABLE_NAME = '<Table Name>';

样例输出