在看了所有的解决方案后，我意识到有一个更简单的解决方案。

在你的活动的onBackPressed()托管你所有的片段，找到你想要防止反压的片段。如果找到了，就返回。那么popBackStack将永远不会发生在这个片段上。

  @Override
public void onBackPressed() {

        Fragment1 fragment1 = (Fragment1) getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(“Fragment1”);
        if (fragment1 != null)
            return;

        if (getFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
            getFragmentManager().popBackStack();

        }
}

当你在Fragments之间转换时，调用addToBackStack()作为FragmentTransaction的一部分:

FragmentTransaction tx = fragmentManager.beginTransation();
tx.replace( R.id.fragment, new MyFragment() ).addToBackStack( "tag" ).commit();

如果你需要更详细的控制(例如，当一些片段可见时，你想要抑制返回键)，你可以在你的片段的父视图上设置一个OnKeyListener:

//You need to add the following line for this solution to work; thanks skayred
fragment.getView().setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
fragment.getView().requestFocus();
fragment.getView().setOnKeyListener( new OnKeyListener()
{
    @Override
    public boolean onKey( View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event )
    {
        if( keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK )
        {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
} );

在fragment类中，为back event放以下代码:

 rootView.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        rootView.requestFocus();
        rootView.setOnKeyListener( new OnKeyListener()
        {
            @Override
            public boolean onKey( View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event )
            {
                if( keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK )
                {
                    FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
                    fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                            .replace(R.id.frame_container, new Book_service_provider()).commit();

                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        } );

使用addToBackStack方法替换一个片段:

getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.content_frame, fragment).addToBackStack("my_fragment").commit();

然后在您的活动中，使用以下代码从一个片段返回到另一个片段(前一个片段)。

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    if (getParentFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
        getParentFragmentManager().popBackStack();
    } else {
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}

我宁愿这样做:

private final static String TAG_FRAGMENT = "TAG_FRAGMENT";

private void showFragment() {
    final Myfragment fragment = new MyFragment();
    final FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
    transaction.replace(R.id.fragment, fragment, TAG_FRAGMENT);
    transaction.addToBackStack(null);
    transaction.commit();
}

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    final Myfragment fragment = (Myfragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(TAG_FRAGMENT);

    if (fragment.allowBackPressed()) { // and then you define a method allowBackPressed with the logic to allow back pressed or not
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}

            rootView.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
            rootView.requestFocus();
            rootView.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event)   {
            if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {


                Fragment NameofFragment = new NameofFragment;

                FragmentTransaction  transaction=getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
                transaction.replace(R.id.frame_container,NameofFragment);

                transaction.commit();

                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    });

    return rootView;