如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:
select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0
and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
and i.is_disabled = 0
and i.is_hypothetical = 0
and ic.key_ordinal > 0
order by ic.key_ordinal
这可不是我想要的。
我想要的是，列出所有用户定义的索引，(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。
这是一种回退到索引的方法。您可以使用SHOWCONTIG来评估碎片。它将列出数据库或表的所有索引，以及统计信息。我要提醒的是，在大型数据库上，它可能是长时间运行的。对我来说，这种方法的好处之一是您不必是管理员就可以使用它。
——显示数据库中所有索引的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO
.．.完成后关闭NOCOUNT
——显示表中所有索引的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors) WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO
——显示特定索引上的碎片信息
SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors,aunmind)
GO
我更新了KFD9的答案。
我调整了他们的版本，以支持include-specification，而不使用已弃用的indexkey_property
这为索引和约束提供了create和drop语句。
with indexes as (
SELECT
schema_name(schema_id) as SchemaName, OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id) as TableName, si.name as IndexName,
(CASE is_primary_key WHEN 1 THEN 'PK' ELSE '' END) as PK,
(CASE is_unique WHEN 1 THEN '1' ELSE '0' END)+' '+
(CASE si.type WHEN 1 THEN 'C' WHEN 3 THEN 'X' ELSE 'B' END)+' ' as 'Type', -- B=basic, C=Clustered, X=XML
(select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id)
from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 0) Cols,
(select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id)
from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 1) IncludedCols,
(select count(*) from sys.index_columns ic where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id) IndexColsCount
FROM sys.indexes as si
LEFT JOIN sys.objects as so on so.object_id=si.object_id
WHERE index_id>0 -- omit the default heap
and OBJECTPROPERTY(si.object_id,'IsMsShipped')=0 -- omit system tables
and not (schema_name(schema_id)='dbo' and OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id)='sysdiagrams') -- omit sysdiagrams
)
SELECT SchemaName, TableName, IndexName,
(CASE pk
WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] PRIMARY KEY'+
(CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN ' CLUSTERED' ELSE '' END)
ELSE 'CREATE '+
(CASE substring(Type,1,1) WHEN '1' THEN 'UNIQUE ' ELSE '' END)+
(CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN 'CLUSTERED ' ELSE '' END)+
'INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+']'
END)+
' ('+Cols+')'+
isnull(' include ('+IncludedCols+')', '')+
'' as CreateIndex,
CASE pk
WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] '
ELSE 'DROP INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName + ']'
END AS DropIndex,
IndexColsCount
FROM indexes
ORDER BY SchemaName,TableName,IndexName
对于每个索引的唯一列:
select s.name, t.name, i.name, i.index_id,c.name,c.column_id
from sys.schemas s
inner join sys.tables t on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
and ic.index_id=i.index_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id
and ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.object_id = object_id('previous.account_1')
order by index_id,column_id
当我有这个需求时，我使用了以下查询…
SELECT
TableName = t.name,
ColumnId = col.column_id,
ColumnName = col.name,
DataType = ty.name,
MaxSize = ty.max_length,
IsNullable = CASE WHEN (col.is_nullable = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
IsIdentity = CASE WHEN (col.is_identity = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
IsPrimaryKey = CASE WHEN (ic.column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
IsForeignKey = CASE WHEN (fkc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
IsDefault = CASE WHEN (dc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.columns col ON t.object_id = col.object_id
LEFT JOIN
sys.indexes ind ON t.object_id = ind.object_id
LEFT JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ic.index_id=ind.index_id AND ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
ON fkc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND fkc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints dc
ON dc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN
sys.types ty on ty.user_type_id = col.user_type_id
WHERE
--t.name='<TABLENAME>'
t.schema_id = 10 --SCHEMA ID
AND ind.is_primary_key=1
ORDER BY
t.name, ColumnId
