如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

在Oracle中

select CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME,CONNECYBY.COLUMN_NAME
from (  select TABLE_OWNER SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION,trim(',' from sys_connect_by_path(COLUMN_NAME,',')) COLUMN_NAME
        from DBA_IND_COLUMNS
        start with COLUMN_POSITION = 1
        connect by TABLE_OWNER = prior TABLE_OWNER
        and TABLE_NAME = prior TABLE_NAME
        and INDEX_NAME = prior INDEX_NAME
        and COLUMN_POSITION = prior COLUMN_POSITION + 1) CONNECYBY
join (  select TABLE_OWNER SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,max(COLUMN_POSITION) COLUMN_POSITION
        from DBA_IND_COLUMNS
        group by TABLE_OWNER,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME) MAX_CONNECYBY
on (    CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.COLUMN_POSITION = MAX_CONNECYBY.COLUMN_POSITION)
order by CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME

SQL Server 与

CONNECTBY(SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,INDEX_COLUMN_ID,COLUMN_NAME) 
as 
    (   select SCHEMAS.NAME SCHEMA_NAME
            , TABLES.NAME TABLE_NAME
            , INDEXES.NAME INDEX_NAME
            , INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID INDEX_COLUMN_ID
            , cast(COLUMNS.NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX)) COLUMN_NAME
        from SYS.INDEXES
        join SYS.TABLES on (INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = TABLES.OBJECT_ID)
        join SYS.SCHEMAS on (TABLES.SCHEMA_ID = SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID)
        join SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS on ( INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = INDEX_COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_ID = INDEXES.INDEX_ID)
        join SYS.COLUMNS on (   INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                and INDEX_COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID = COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID)
        where INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = 1
        union all
        select SCHEMAS.NAME SCHEMA_NAME
            , TABLES.NAME TABLE_NAME
            , INDEXES.NAME INDEX_NAME
            , INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID INDEX_COLUMN_ID
            , cast(PRIOR.COLUMN_NAME + ',' + COLUMNS.NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX)) COLUMN_NAME
        from SYS.INDEXES
        join SYS.TABLES on (INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = TABLES.OBJECT_ID)
        join SYS.SCHEMAS on (TABLES.SCHEMA_ID = SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID)
        join SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS on ( INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = INDEX_COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_ID = INDEXES.INDEX_ID)
        join SYS.COLUMNS on (   INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                and INDEX_COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID = COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID)
        join CONNECTBY as PRIOR on (SCHEMAS.NAME = PRIOR.SCHEMA_NAME 
                                    and TABLES.NAME = PRIOR.TABLE_NAME 
                                    and INDEXES.NAME = PRIOR.INDEX_NAME 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = PRIOR.INDEX_COLUMN_ID + 1))
select CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME,CONNECTBY.COLUMN_NAME
from CONNECTBY
join (  select  SCHEMA_NAME
                , TABLE_NAME
                , INDEX_NAME
                , MAX(INDEX_COLUMN_ID) INDEX_COLUMN_ID
        from CONNECTBY 
        group by SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME) MAX_CONNECTBY
        on (CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = MAX_CONNECTBY.INDEX_COLUMN_ID)
order by CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME

其他回答

根据Tim Ford的代码,这是正确答案:

  select tab.[name]  as [table_name],
         idx.[name]  as [index_name],
         allc.[name] as [column_name],
         idx.[type_desc],
         idx.[is_unique],
         idx.[data_space_id],
         idx.[ignore_dup_key],
         idx.[is_primary_key],
         idx.[is_unique_constraint],
         idx.[fill_factor],
         idx.[is_padded],
         idx.[is_disabled],
         idx.[is_hypothetical],
         idx.[allow_row_locks],
         idx.[allow_page_locks],
         idxc.[is_descending_key],
         idxc.[is_included_column],
         idxc.[index_column_id]

     from sys.[tables] as tab

    inner join sys.[indexes]       idx  on tab.[object_id] =  idx.[object_id]
    inner join sys.[index_columns] idxc on idx.[object_id] = idxc.[object_id] and  idx.[index_id]  = idxc.[index_id]
    inner join sys.[all_columns]   allc on tab.[object_id] = allc.[object_id] and idxc.[column_id] = allc.[column_id]

    where tab.[name] Like '%table_name%'
      and idx.[name] Like '%index_name%'
    order by tab.[name], idx.[index_id], idxc.[index_column_id]

既然你的配置文件声明你使用的是。net,那么你可以通过编程的方式使用服务器管理对象(SMO)…除此之外,上面的任何答案都非常棒。

我更新了KFD9的答案。

我调整了他们的版本,以支持include-specification,而不使用已弃用的indexkey_property

这为索引和约束提供了create和drop语句。

with indexes as (
    SELECT
      schema_name(schema_id) as SchemaName, OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id) as TableName, si.name as IndexName,
      (CASE is_primary_key WHEN 1 THEN 'PK' ELSE '' END) as PK,
      (CASE is_unique WHEN 1 THEN '1' ELSE '0' END)+' '+
      (CASE si.type WHEN 1 THEN 'C' WHEN 3 THEN 'X' ELSE 'B' END)+' ' as 'Type',  -- B=basic, C=Clustered, X=XML
      (select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id) 
         from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 0) Cols,
      (select string_agg(CAST('[' + c.name + ']' + case when is_descending_key = 1 then ' DESC' else '' end AS NVARCHAR(MAX)), ',') within group (order by index_column_id) 
         from sys.index_columns ic JOIN sys.columns c on ic.column_id = c.column_id and ic.object_id = c.object_id where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id and ic.is_included_column = 1) IncludedCols,
      (select count(*) from sys.index_columns ic where ic.index_id = si.index_id and ic.object_id = si.object_id) IndexColsCount
    FROM sys.indexes as si
    LEFT JOIN sys.objects as so on so.object_id=si.object_id
    WHERE index_id>0 -- omit the default heap
      and OBJECTPROPERTY(si.object_id,'IsMsShipped')=0 -- omit system tables
      and not (schema_name(schema_id)='dbo' and OBJECT_NAME(si.object_id)='sysdiagrams') -- omit sysdiagrams
)
SELECT SchemaName, TableName, IndexName,
  (CASE pk
    WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
     'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] ADD CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] PRIMARY KEY'+
     (CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN ' CLUSTERED' ELSE '' END)
    ELSE 'CREATE '+
     (CASE substring(Type,1,1) WHEN '1' THEN 'UNIQUE ' ELSE '' END)+
     (CASE substring(Type,3,1) WHEN 'C' THEN 'CLUSTERED ' ELSE '' END)+
     'INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+']'
    END)+
  ' ('+Cols+')'+
  isnull(' include ('+IncludedCols+')', '')+
  '' as CreateIndex,
    CASE pk
    WHEN 'PK' THEN 'ALTER '+
     'TABLE ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName+'] DROP CONSTRAINT ['+IndexName+'] '
    ELSE 'DROP INDEX ['+IndexName+'] ON ['+SchemaName+'].['+TableName + ']'
    END AS DropIndex,
    IndexColsCount
FROM indexes
ORDER BY SchemaName,TableName,IndexName

我想到了这个,它给了我我需要的准确的概述。有帮助的是,每个索引得到一行,索引列被聚合到其中。

select 
    o.name as ObjectName, 
    i.name as IndexName, 
    i.is_primary_key as [PrimaryKey],
    SUBSTRING(i.[type_desc],0,6) as IndexType,
    i.is_unique as [Unique],
    Columns.[Normal] as IndexColumns,
    Columns.[Included] as IncludedColumns
from sys.indexes i 
join sys.objects o on i.object_id = o.object_id
cross apply
(
    select
        substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 0
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Normal]    
        , substring
        (
            (
                select ', ' + co.[name]
                from sys.index_columns ic
                join sys.columns co on co.object_id = i.object_id and co.column_id = ic.column_id
                where ic.object_id = i.object_id and ic.index_id = i.index_id and ic.is_included_column = 1
                order by ic.key_ordinal
                for xml path('')
            )
            , 3
            , 10000
        )    as [Included]    

) Columns
where o.[type] = 'U' --USER_TABLE
order by o.[name], i.[name], i.is_primary_key desc

下面的查询包含了所有列的用户定义索引的所有相关信息(对于唯一约束和主键没有索引):

SELECT I.name as IndexName, 
        CASE WHEN I.is_unique = 1 THEN 'Yes' ELSE 'No' END as 'Unique',
        I.type_desc COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT as Index_Type,
        '[' + SCHEMA_NAME(T.schema_id) + ']' as 'Schema',
        '[' + T.name + ']' as TableName,
        STUFF((SELECT ', [' + C.name + CASE WHEN IC.is_descending_key = 0 THEN '] ASC' ELSE '] DESC' END
            FROM sys.index_columns IC INNER JOIN sys.columns C ON  IC.object_id = C.object_id  AND IC.column_id = C.column_id
            WHERE IC.is_included_column = 0 AND IC.object_id = I.object_id AND IC.index_id = I.Index_id
            FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 2, '') as Key_Columns,
        Included_Columns, 
        I.filter_definition,
        CASE WHEN I.is_padded = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END as PAD_INDEX, 
        CASE WHEN ST.no_recompute = 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE 'ON' END as [Statistics_Norecompute],
        CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), CASE WHEN I.fill_factor = 0 THEN 100 ELSE I.fill_factor END) as [Fillfactor],
        CASE WHEN I.ignore_dup_key = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END as [Ignore_Dup_Key],       
        CASE WHEN I.allow_row_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END as [Allow_Row_Locks], 
        CASE WHEN I.allow_page_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END [Allow_Page_Locks]        
FROM    sys.indexes I INNER JOIN        
        sys.tables T ON  T.object_id = I.object_id INNER JOIN       
        sys.stats ST ON  ST.object_id = I.object_id AND ST.stats_id = I.index_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.data_spaces DS ON  I.data_space_id = DS.data_space_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.filegroups FG ON  I.data_space_id = FG.data_space_id LEFT OUTER JOIN 
        (SELECT * FROM 
            (SELECT IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id,
                STUFF((SELECT ', ' + C.name FROM sys.index_columns IC1 INNER JOIN 
                    sys.columns C ON C.object_id = IC1.object_id
                        AND C.column_id = IC1.column_id
                        AND IC1.is_included_column = 1
                    WHERE  IC1.object_id = IC2.object_id AND IC1.index_id = IC2.index_id
                    GROUP BY IC1.object_id, C.name, index_id  FOR XML PATH('')
                ), 1, 2, '') as Included_Columns
            FROM sys.index_columns IC2
            GROUP BY IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id) tmp1
            WHERE Included_Columns IS NOT NULL
        ) tmp2
        ON tmp2.object_id = I.object_id AND tmp2.index_id = I.index_id
WHERE I.is_primary_key = 0 AND I.is_unique_constraint = 0;

作为额外的奖励,下面的查询被格式化为写出创建索引和删除索引脚本:

SELECT I.name as IndexName, 
        -- Uncommnent line below to include checking for index exists as part of the script
        --'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE name = '''+ I.name +''') ' +
        'CREATE ' + CASE WHEN I.is_unique = 1 THEN ' UNIQUE ' ELSE '' END +
        I.type_desc COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT + ' INDEX [' +
        I.name + '] ON [' + SCHEMA_NAME(T.schema_id) + '].[' + T.name + '] (' + STUFF(
        (SELECT ', [' + C.name + CASE WHEN IC.is_descending_key = 0 THEN '] ASC' ELSE '] DESC' END
            FROM sys.index_columns IC INNER JOIN sys.columns C ON  IC.object_id = C.object_id  AND IC.column_id = C.column_id
            WHERE IC.is_included_column = 0 AND IC.object_id = I.object_id AND IC.index_id = I.Index_id
            FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 2, '')  + ') ' +
        ISNULL(' INCLUDE (' + IncludedColumns + ') ', '') +
        ISNULL(' WHERE ' + I.filter_definition, '') + 
        'WITH (PAD_INDEX = ' + CASE WHEN I.is_padded = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END + 
        ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = ' + CASE WHEN ST.no_recompute = 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE 'ON' END + 
        ', SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF' + 
        ', FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), CASE WHEN I.fill_factor = 0 THEN 100 ELSE I.fill_factor END) +
        ', IGNORE_DUP_KEY = ' + CASE WHEN I.ignore_dup_key = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END +      
        ', ONLINE = OFF' + 
        ', ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ' + CASE WHEN I.allow_row_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END + 
        ', ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ' + CASE WHEN I.allow_page_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END + 
        ') ON [' + DS.name + '];' + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + 'GO' as [CreateIndex],
        'DROP INDEX ['+ I.name +'] ON ['+ SCHEMA_NAME(T.schema_id) +'].['+ T.name +'];' +
        CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + 'GO' AS [DropIndex]
FROM    sys.indexes I INNER JOIN        
        sys.tables T ON  T.object_id = I.object_id INNER JOIN       
        sys.stats ST ON  ST.object_id = I.object_id AND ST.stats_id = I.index_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.data_spaces DS ON  I.data_space_id = DS.data_space_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.filegroups FG ON  I.data_space_id = FG.data_space_id LEFT OUTER JOIN 
        (SELECT * FROM 
            (SELECT IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id,
                STUFF((SELECT ', ' + C.name FROM sys.index_columns IC1 INNER JOIN 
                    sys.columns C ON C.object_id = IC1.object_id
                        AND C.column_id = IC1.column_id
                        AND IC1.is_included_column = 1
                    WHERE  IC1.object_id = IC2.object_id AND IC1.index_id = IC2.index_id
                    GROUP BY IC1.object_id, C.name, index_id  FOR XML PATH('')
                ), 1, 2, '') as IncludedColumns
            FROM sys.index_columns IC2
            GROUP BY IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id) tmp1
            WHERE IncludedColumns IS NOT NULL
        ) tmp2
        ON tmp2.object_id = I.object_id AND tmp2.index_id = I.index_id
WHERE I.is_primary_key = 0 AND I.is_unique_constraint = 0