存储在localStorage(作为HTML5中DOM存储的一部分)中的数据可用多长时间?我可以为本地存储的数据设置过期时间吗?


当前回答

Brynner Ferreira提出了一个很好的观点:在过期信息所在的地方存储一个兄弟密钥。这样,如果你有大量的键,或者你的值是大型Json对象,你不需要解析它们来访问时间戳。

以下是一个改进版本:

 /*  removeStorage: removes a key from localStorage and its sibling expiracy key
    params:
        key <string>     : localStorage key to remove
    returns:
        <boolean> : telling if operation succeeded
 */
 function removeStorage(name) {
    try {
        localStorage.removeItem(name);
        localStorage.removeItem(name + '_expiresIn');
    } catch(e) {
        console.log('removeStorage: Error removing key ['+ key + '] from localStorage: ' + JSON.stringify(e) );
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}
/*  getStorage: retrieves a key from localStorage previously set with setStorage().
    params:
        key <string> : localStorage key
    returns:
        <string> : value of localStorage key
        null : in case of expired key or failure
 */
function getStorage(key) {

    var now = Date.now();  //epoch time, lets deal only with integer
    // set expiration for storage
    var expiresIn = localStorage.getItem(key+'_expiresIn');
    if (expiresIn===undefined || expiresIn===null) { expiresIn = 0; }

    if (expiresIn < now) {// Expired
        removeStorage(key);
        return null;
    } else {
        try {
            var value = localStorage.getItem(key);
            return value;
        } catch(e) {
            console.log('getStorage: Error reading key ['+ key + '] from localStorage: ' + JSON.stringify(e) );
            return null;
        }
    }
}
/*  setStorage: writes a key into localStorage setting a expire time
    params:
        key <string>     : localStorage key
        value <string>   : localStorage value
        expires <number> : number of seconds from now to expire the key
    returns:
        <boolean> : telling if operation succeeded
 */
function setStorage(key, value, expires) {

    if (expires===undefined || expires===null) {
        expires = (24*60*60);  // default: seconds for 1 day
    } else {
        expires = Math.abs(expires); //make sure it's positive
    }

    var now = Date.now();  //millisecs since epoch time, lets deal only with integer
    var schedule = now + expires*1000; 
    try {
        localStorage.setItem(key, value);
        localStorage.setItem(key + '_expiresIn', schedule);
    } catch(e) {
        console.log('setStorage: Error setting key ['+ key + '] in localStorage: ' + JSON.stringify(e) );
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

其他回答

如果有人使用jQuery的jStorage插件,它可以添加过期的setTTL功能,如果jStorage插件

$.jStorage.set('myLocalVar', "some value");
$.jStorage.setTTL("myLocalVar", 24*60*60*1000); // 24 Hr.

如果有人还在寻找一个快速的解决方案,不想像jquery等依赖,我写了一个迷你库,添加过期到本地/会话/自定义存储,你可以在这里找到它的源代码:

https://github.com/RonenNess/ExpiredStorage

如果您熟悉浏览器的locaStorage对象,就会知道没有提供过期时间的规定。但是,我们可以使用Javascript添加一个TTL(生存时间),使locaStorage中的项在一段时间后失效。

function setLocalStorageItem(key, value, ttl) {
    // `item` is an object which contains the original value
    // as well as the time when it's supposed to expire
    let item = {
        value: value,
        expiry: ttl ? Date.now() + ttl : null
    };

    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(item));
}

function getLocalStorageItem(key) {
    let item = localStorage.getItem(key);
    
    // if the item doesn't exist, return null
    if (!item) return null;

    item = JSON.parse(item);
    // compare the expiry time of the item with the current time
    if (item.expiry && Date.now() > item.expiry) {
        // If the item is expired, delete the item from storage and return null
        localStorage.removeItem(key);

        return null;
    }
    
    return item.value;
}

你可以试试这个。

var hours = 24; // Reset when storage is more than 24hours
var now = Date.now();
var setupTime = localStorage.getItem('setupTime');
if (setupTime == null) {
     localStorage.setItem('setupTime', now)
} else if (now - setupTime > hours*60*60*1000) {
    localStorage.clear()
    localStorage.setItem('setupTime', now);
}

您可以使用lscache。它会自动为您处理这个问题,包括存储大小超过限制的实例。如果发生这种情况,它将开始删除最接近指定到期日期的项。

自述:

lscache.set

Stores the value in localStorage. Expires after specified number of minutes.

Arguments
key (string)
value (Object|string)
time (number: optional)

这是常规存储方法之间唯一的真正区别。Get、remove等工作原理相同。

如果您不需要那么多的功能,您可以简单地存储一个带有值的时间戳(通过JSON),并检查它是否过期。

值得注意的是,将本地存储留给用户是有充分理由的。但是,当需要存储临时数据时,lscache之类的东西确实会派上用场。