我有一个名为test1.py的脚本，它不在模块中。它只有在脚本本身运行时应该执行的代码。没有函数、类、方法等。我有另一个脚本作为服务运行。我想从作为服务运行的脚本调用test1.py。
例如:
文件test1.py:
print "I am a test"
print "see! I do nothing productive."
文件service.py:
# Lots of stuff here
test1.py # do whatever is in test1.py
我知道有一种方法是打开文件，读取内容，然后对它求值。我想应该有更好的方法。至少我希望如此。
当前回答
通常的做法是这样的。
test1.py
def some_func():
print 'in test 1, unproductive'
if __name__ == '__main__':
# test1.py executed as script
# do something
some_func()
service.py
import test1
def service_func():
print 'service func'
if __name__ == '__main__':
# service.py executed as script
# do something
service_func()
test1.some_func()
其他回答
如果你想让test1.py保持可执行的功能，就像在service.py内部调用它一样，然后做如下的事情:
test1.py
def main():
print "I am a test"
print "see! I do nothing productive."
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
service.py
import test1
# lots of stuff here
test1.main() # do whatever is in test1.py
I found runpy standard library most convenient. Why? You have to consider case when error raised in test1.py script, and with runpy you are able to handle this in service.py code. Both traceback text (to write error in log file for future investigation) and error object (to handle error depends on its type): when with subprocess library I wasn't able to promote error object from test1.py to service.py, only traceback output. Also, comparing to "import test1.py as a module" solution, runpy is better cause you have no need to wrap code of test1.py into def main(): function.
代码片段为例，使用traceback模块捕获最后一个错误文本:
import traceback
import runpy #https://www.tutorialspoint.com/locating-and-executing-python-modules-runpy
from datetime import datetime
try:
runpy.run_path("./E4P_PPP_2.py")
except Exception as e:
print("Error occurred during execution at " + str(datetime.now().date()) + " {}".format(datetime.now().time()))
print(traceback.format_exc())
print(e)
正如前面提到的，runpy是运行当前脚本中的其他脚本或模块的好方法。
顺便说一下，跟踪器或调试器通常会这样做，在这种情况下，直接导入文件或在子进程中运行文件等方法通常是行不通的。
使用exec运行代码也需要注意。您必须提供适当的run_globals以避免导入错误或其他问题。参考runpy。查看详细信息_run_code。
通常的做法是这样的。
test1.py
def some_func():
print 'in test 1, unproductive'
if __name__ == '__main__':
# test1.py executed as script
# do something
some_func()
service.py
import test1
def service_func():
print 'service func'
if __name__ == '__main__':
# service.py executed as script
# do something
service_func()
test1.some_func()
这可以在Python 2中使用
execfile("test2.py")
如果对您的情况很重要，请参阅文档了解名称空间的处理。
在Python 3中，可以使用(感谢@fantastory)
exec(open("test2.py").read())
然而，你应该考虑使用不同的方法;(在我看来)你的想法不太清楚。
