只有在发现自己处于指示编程错误的情况下，并希望停止应用程序运行时，才应该抛出异常。因此，抛出异常的最好方法是使用NSAssert和NSParameterAssert宏，并确保没有定义NS_BLOCK_ASSERTIONS。

使用NSError来传达失败而不是异常。

关于NSError的一些要点:

NSError allows for C style error codes (integers) to clearly identify the root cause and hopefully allow the error handler to overcome the error. You can wrap error codes from C libraries like SQLite in NSError instances very easily. NSError also has the benefit of being an object and offers a way to describe the error in more detail with its userInfo dictionary member. But best of all, NSError CANNOT be thrown so it encourages a more proactive approach to error handling, in contrast to other languages which simply throw the hot potato further and further up the call stack at which point it can only be reported to the user and not handled in any meaningful way (not if you believe in following OOP's biggest tenet of information hiding that is).

参考链接:参考

我认为为了保持一致性，最好在你自己的类中使用@throw，它扩展了NSException。然后使用相同的表示法try catch finally:

@try {
.....
}
@catch{
...
}
@finally{
...
}

Apple解释了如何抛出和处理异常:

捕获异常 抛出异常

@throw([NSException exceptionWith…])

Xcode将@throw语句识别为函数出口点，就像return语句一样。使用@throw语法可以避免错误的“Control may reach end of non-void function”警告，你可能会从[NSException raise:…]得到这种警告。

同样，@throw也可以用来抛出不属于NSException类的对象。

这是我从“大书呆子牧场指南(第四版)”中学到的：

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Something is not right exception"
                               reason:@"Can't perform this operation because of this or that"
                             userInfo:nil];

可以使用两种方法在try catch块中引发异常

@throw[NSException exceptionWithName];

或者第二种方法

NSException e;
[e raise];