使用下面的简单示例,使用Linq to SQL从多个表返回结果的最佳方法是什么?
假设我有两个表:
Dogs: Name, Age, BreedId
Breeds: BreedId, BreedName
我想返回所有的狗与他们的育种名称。我应该让所有的狗使用这样的东西,没有问题:
public IQueryable<Dog> GetDogs()
{
var db = new DogDataContext(ConnectString);
var result = from d in db.Dogs
join b in db.Breeds on d.BreedId equals b.BreedId
select d;
return result;
}
但如果我想要有品种的狗,并尝试这样做,我有问题:
public IQueryable<Dog> GetDogsWithBreedNames()
{
var db = new DogDataContext(ConnectString);
var result = from d in db.Dogs
join b in db.Breeds on d.BreedId equals b.BreedId
select new
{
Name = d.Name,
BreedName = b.BreedName
};
return result;
}
现在我意识到编译器不让我返回一组匿名类型,因为它期待狗,但有没有一种方法来返回这个而不必创建一个自定义类型?或者我必须为DogsWithBreedNames创建自己的类,并在选择中指定该类型?或者还有其他更简单的方法吗?
只是补充一下我的意见:-)
我最近学习了一种处理匿名对象的方法。它只能在针对。net 4框架时使用,并且只能在添加对System.Web.dll的引用时使用,但它非常简单:
...
using System.Web.Routing;
...
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
object anonymous = CallMethodThatReturnsObjectOfAnonymousType();
//WHAT DO I DO WITH THIS?
//I know! I'll use a RouteValueDictionary from System.Web.dll
RouteValueDictionary rvd = new RouteValueDictionary(anonymous);
Console.WriteLine("Hello, my name is {0} and I am a {1}", rvd["Name"], rvd["Occupation"]);
}
private static object CallMethodThatReturnsObjectOfAnonymousType()
{
return new { Id = 1, Name = "Peter Perhac", Occupation = "Software Developer" };
}
}
为了能够添加对System.Web.dll的引用,你必须遵循rushonerok的建议:确保你的[项目的]目标框架是“。NET Framework 4“不是”。NET Framework 4客户端配置文件”。
在c# 7中你现在可以使用元组了!这样就不需要为了返回结果而创建一个类。
下面是一个示例代码:
public List<(string Name, string BreedName)> GetDogsWithBreedNames()
{
var db = new DogDataContext(ConnectString);
var result = from d in db.Dogs
join b in db.Breeds on d.BreedId equals b.BreedId
select new
{
Name = d.Name,
BreedName = b.BreedName
}.ToList();
return result.Select(r => (r.Name, r.BreedName)).ToList();
}
您可能需要安装System。ValueTuple nuget包。
如果主要的想法是让SQL选择语句发送到数据库服务器只有必需的字段,而不是所有的实体字段,那么你可以这样做:
public class Class1
{
public IList<Car> getCarsByProjectionOnSmallNumberOfProperties()
{
try
{
//Get the SQL Context:
CompanyPossessionsDAL.POCOContext.CompanyPossessionsContext dbContext
= new CompanyPossessionsDAL.POCOContext.CompanyPossessionsContext();
//Specify the Context of your main entity e.g. Car:
var oDBQuery = dbContext.Set<Car>();
//Project on some of its fields, so the created select statment that is
// sent to the database server, will have only the required fields By making a new anonymouse type
var queryProjectedOnSmallSetOfProperties
= from x in oDBQuery
select new
{
x.carNo,
x.eName,
x.aName
};
//Convert the anonymouse type back to the main entity e.g. Car
var queryConvertAnonymousToOriginal
= from x in queryProjectedOnSmallSetOfProperties
select new Car
{
carNo = x.carNo,
eName = x.eName,
aName = x.aName
};
//return the IList<Car> that is wanted
var lst = queryConvertAnonymousToOriginal.ToList();
return lst;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
throw;
}
}
}