您可以对文件名使用拆分：

f_extns = filename.split(".")
print ("The extension of the file is : " + repr(f_extns[-1]))

这不需要额外的库

上面的任何解决方案都有效，但在linux上，我发现扩展字符串末尾有一个换行符，这将阻止匹配成功。将strip（）方法添加到末尾。例如：

import os.path
extension = os.path.splitext(filename)[1][1:].strip() 

def NewFileName(fichier):
    cpt = 0
    fic , *ext =  fichier.split('.')
    ext = '.'.join(ext)
    while os.path.isfile(fichier):
        cpt += 1
        fichier = '{0}-({1}).{2}'.format(fic, cpt, ext)
    return fichier

# try this, it works for anything, any length of extension
# e.g www.google.com/downloads/file1.gz.rs -> .gz.rs

import os.path

class LinkChecker:

    @staticmethod
    def get_link_extension(link: str)->str:
        if link is None or link == "":
            return ""
        else:
            paths = os.path.splitext(link)
            ext = paths[1]
            new_link = paths[0]
            if ext != "":
                return LinkChecker.get_link_extension(new_link) + ext
            else:
                return ""

这是一种直接的字符串表示技术：我看到提到了很多解决方案，但我认为大多数都在考虑拆分。然而，每次出现“.”时，Split都会执行此操作。您更希望查找的是分区。

string = "folder/to_path/filename.ext"
extension = string.rpartition(".")[-1]

此方法需要字典、列表或集合。您可以使用内置字符串方法使用“.endswitch”。这将在文件末尾的列表中搜索名称，只需使用str.endswith（fileName[index]）即可完成。这更多用于获取和比较扩展名。

https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#string-方法

示例1：

dictonary = {0:".tar.gz", 1:".txt", 2:".exe", 3:".js", 4:".java", 5:".python", 6:".ruby",7:".c", 8:".bash", 9:".ps1", 10:".html", 11:".html5", 12:".css", 13:".json", 14:".abc"} 
for x in dictonary.values():
    str = "file" + x
    str.endswith(x, str.index("."), len(str))

示例2：

set1 = {".tar.gz", ".txt", ".exe", ".js", ".java", ".python", ".ruby", ".c", ".bash", ".ps1", ".html", ".html5", ".css", ".json", ".abc"}
for x in set1:
   str = "file" + x
   str.endswith(x, str.index("."), len(str))

示例3：

fileName = [".tar.gz", ".txt", ".exe", ".js", ".java", ".python", ".ruby", ".c", ".bash", ".ps1", ".html", ".html5", ".css", ".json", ".abc"];
for x in range(0, len(fileName)):
    str = "file" + fileName[x]
    str.endswith(fileName[x], str.index("."), len(str))

示例4

fileName = [".tar.gz", ".txt", ".exe", ".js", ".java", ".python", ".ruby", ".c", ".bash", ".ps1", ".html", ".html5", ".css", ".json", ".abc"];
str = "file.txt"
str.endswith(fileName[1], str.index("."), len(str))

具有输出的示例5、6、7

示例8

fileName = [".tar.gz", ".txt", ".exe", ".js", ".java", ".python", ".ruby", ".c", ".bash", ".ps1", ".html", ".html5", ".css", ".json", ".abc"];
exts = []
str = "file.txt"
for x in range(0, len(x)):
    if str.endswith(fileName[1]) == 1:
         exts += [x]