我继承了一个相当大的SQL Server数据库。考虑到它包含的数据,它似乎比我预期的要占用更多的空间。

是否有一种简单的方法来确定每个表占用的磁盘空间?


当前回答

经过一番搜索,我找不到一种简单的方法来获取所有表格的信息。有一个名为sp_spaceused的方便存储过程,它将返回数据库使用的所有空间。如果提供了表名,则返回该表使用的空间。但是,存储过程返回的结果不可排序,因为列是字符值。

以下脚本将生成我要查找的信息。

create table #TableSize (
    Name varchar(255),
    [rows] int,
    reserved varchar(255),
    data varchar(255),
    index_size varchar(255),
    unused varchar(255))
create table #ConvertedSizes (
    Name varchar(255),
    [rows] int,
    reservedKb int,
    dataKb int,
    reservedIndexSize int,
    reservedUnused int)

EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="insert into #TableSize
EXEC sp_spaceused '?'"
insert into #ConvertedSizes (Name, [rows], reservedKb, dataKb, reservedIndexSize, reservedUnused)
select name, [rows], 
SUBSTRING(reserved, 0, LEN(reserved)-2), 
SUBSTRING(data, 0, LEN(data)-2), 
SUBSTRING(index_size, 0, LEN(index_size)-2), 
SUBSTRING(unused, 0, LEN(unused)-2)
from #TableSize

select * from #ConvertedSizes
order by reservedKb desc

drop table #TableSize
drop table #ConvertedSizes

其他回答

作为marc_s答案(已被接受的答案)的一个简单扩展,它被调整为返回列计数并允许过滤:

SELECT *
FROM
(

SELECT 
    t.NAME AS TableName,
    s.Name AS SchemaName,
    p.rows AS RowCounts,
    COUNT(DISTINCT c.COLUMN_NAME) as ColumnCount,
    SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB, 
    (SUM(a.used_pages) * 8) AS UsedSpaceKB, 
    (SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
FROM 
    sys.tables t
INNER JOIN      
    sys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_id
INNER JOIN 
    sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id
INNER JOIN 
    sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
INNER JOIN
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c ON t.NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
LEFT OUTER JOIN 
    sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
WHERE 
    t.NAME NOT LIKE 'dt%' 
    AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
    AND i.OBJECT_ID > 255
GROUP BY 
    t.Name, s.Name, p.Rows
) AS Result

WHERE
    RowCounts > 1000
    AND ColumnCount > 10
ORDER BY 
    UsedSpaceKB DESC

要获取一个数据库中的所有表大小,可以使用以下查询:

Exec sys.sp_MSforeachtable ' sp_spaceused "?" '

您可以将其更改为将所有结果插入临时表,然后从临时表中进行选择。

Insert into #TempTable Exec sys.sp_MSforeachtable ' sp_spaceused "?" ' 
Select * from #TempTable

也许表格有更多的分区文件,必须显示文件顺序

SELECT
  T1.Name                                       AS TableName,
  T5.Name                                       AS SchemaName,
  T3.partition_number                           AS PartionNumber,   
  T3.Rows                                       AS RowsCount,
  SUM(T4.total_pages) * 8                       AS TotalSpaceKB,
  SUM(T4.used_pages) * 8                        AS UsedSpaceKB,
  (SUM(T4.total_pages) - SUM(T4.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
FROM
  sys.objects T1  INNER JOIN 
  sys.indexes T2 ON T1.object_id = T2.object_id  INNER JOIN 
  sys.partitions T3 ON T2.object_id = T3.object_id AND T2.index_id = T3.index_id  INNER JOIN
  sys.allocation_units T4 ON T3.partition_id = T4.container_id LEFT JOIN
  sys.schemas T5 ON T1.schema_id = T5.schema_id
WHERE
  T1.type='U'
GROUP BY
  T1.Name, T5.Name, T3.Rows,T3.partition_number
ORDER BY
  T1.Name,T3.partition_number;

如果您只关心数据库中的空浪费空间,而不关心单个表,则可以考虑以下问题:

如果数据库经历了大量的数据插入和删除,可能与ETL情况类似,这将导致数据库中有太多未使用的空间,因为文件组会自动增长,但不会自动收缩。

您可以通过使用数据库的财产页面来查看是否是这种情况。您可以收缩(右键单击数据库>任务>收缩)并收回一些空间。但是,如果根本原因仍然存在,则数据库将增长(并花费额外的时间尝试增长,直到增长到足够的速度,所以不要这样做)

我要感谢Greg Low先生的提问:

SELECT o.name AS ObjectName, 
       SUM(reserved_page_count) * 8.0 / 1024 AS SizeinMB
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats AS ps
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects AS o
ON ps.object_id = o.id
GROUP BY o.name
ORDER BY SizeinMB DESC;