如何在几列的最大值中每行返回1个值:
的表
[Number, Date1, Date2, Date3, Cost]
我需要返回这样的东西:
[Number, Most_Recent_Date, Cost]
查询?
如何在几列的最大值中每行返回1个值:
的表
[Number, Date1, Date2, Date3, Cost]
我需要返回这样的东西:
[Number, Most_Recent_Date, Cost]
查询?
当前回答
以下两个示例中的任何一个都可以工作:
SELECT MAX(date_columns) AS max_date
FROM ( (SELECT date1 AS date_columns
FROM data_table )
UNION
( SELECT date2 AS date_columns
FROM data_table
)
UNION
( SELECT date3 AS date_columns
FROM data_table
)
) AS date_query
第二个是对拉塞夫克的答案的补充。
SELECT MAX(MostRecentDate)
FROM ( SELECT CASE WHEN date1 >= date2
AND date1 >= date3 THEN date1
WHEN date2 >= date1
AND date2 >= date3 THEN date2
WHEN date3 >= date1
AND date3 >= date2 THEN date3
ELSE date1
END AS MostRecentDate
FROM data_table
) AS date_query
其他回答
SELECT
CASE
WHEN Date1 >= Date2 AND Date1 >= Date3 THEN Date1
WHEN Date2 >= Date3 THEN Date2
ELSE Date3
END AS MostRecentDate
这样写起来稍微容易一些,因为case语句是按顺序求值的,因此跳过了求值步骤。
使用CROSS APPLY (2005+) ....
SELECT MostRecentDate
FROM SourceTable
CROSS APPLY (SELECT MAX(d) MostRecentDate FROM (VALUES (Date1), (Date2), (Date3)) AS a(d)) md
这是一个古老的答案,在很多方面都有问题。
请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/a/6871572/194653,它有更多的赞,与sql server 2008+一起工作,并处理空值等。
原创但有问题的答案:
你可以使用CASE语句:
SELECT
CASE
WHEN Date1 >= Date2 AND Date1 >= Date3 THEN Date1
WHEN Date2 >= Date1 AND Date2 >= Date3 THEN Date2
WHEN Date3 >= Date1 AND Date3 >= Date2 THEN Date3
ELSE Date1
END AS MostRecentDate
还有3种方法,其中UNPIVOT(1)是目前为止最快的,其次是模拟UNPIVOT(3),它比(1)慢得多,但仍然比(2)快得多
CREATE TABLE dates
(
number INT PRIMARY KEY ,
date1 DATETIME ,
date2 DATETIME ,
date3 DATETIME ,
cost INT
)
INSERT INTO dates
VALUES ( 1, '1/1/2008', '2/4/2008', '3/1/2008', 10 )
INSERT INTO dates
VALUES ( 2, '1/2/2008', '2/3/2008', '3/3/2008', 20 )
INSERT INTO dates
VALUES ( 3, '1/3/2008', '2/2/2008', '3/2/2008', 30 )
INSERT INTO dates
VALUES ( 4, '1/4/2008', '2/1/2008', '3/4/2008', 40 )
GO
解决方案1 (UNPIVOT)
SELECT number ,
MAX(dDate) maxDate ,
cost
FROM dates UNPIVOT ( dDate FOR nDate IN ( Date1, Date2,
Date3 ) ) as u
GROUP BY number ,
cost
GO
解决方案2(每行子查询)
SELECT number ,
( SELECT MAX(dDate) maxDate
FROM ( SELECT d.date1 AS dDate
UNION
SELECT d.date2
UNION
SELECT d.date3
) a
) MaxDate ,
Cost
FROM dates d
GO
方案3(模拟UNPIVOT)
;WITH maxD
AS ( SELECT number ,
MAX(CASE rn
WHEN 1 THEN Date1
WHEN 2 THEN date2
ELSE date3
END) AS maxDate
FROM dates a
CROSS JOIN ( SELECT 1 AS rn
UNION
SELECT 2
UNION
SELECT 3
) b
GROUP BY Number
)
SELECT dates.number ,
maxD.maxDate ,
dates.cost
FROM dates
INNER JOIN MaxD ON dates.number = maxD.number
GO
DROP TABLE dates
GO
我更喜欢基于case-when的解决方案,我的假设是,与其他可能的解决方案(如交叉应用、values()、自定义函数等)相比,它对可能的性能下降的影响应该最小。
下面是case-when版本,它在大多数可能的测试用例中处理空值:
SELECT
CASE
WHEN Date1 > coalesce(Date2,'0001-01-01') AND Date1 > coalesce(Date3,'0001-01-01') THEN Date1
WHEN Date2 > coalesce(Date3,'0001-01-01') THEN Date2
ELSE Date3
END AS MostRecentDate
, *
from
(values
( 1, cast('2001-01-01' as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date))
,( 2, cast('2001-01-01' as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date))
,( 3, cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast('2001-01-01' as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date))
,( 4, cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast('2001-01-01' as Date))
,( 5, cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast('2001-01-01' as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date))
,( 6, cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast('2001-01-01' as Date))
,( 11, cast(NULL as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date))
,( 12, cast(NULL as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date))
,( 13, cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast(NULL as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date))
,( 14, cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast(NULL as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date))
,( 15, cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast(NULL as Date))
,( 16, cast('2002-01-01' as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast(NULL as Date))
,( 21, cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast(NULL as Date), cast(NULL as Date))
,( 22, cast(NULL as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date), cast(NULL as Date))
,( 23, cast(NULL as Date), cast(NULL as Date), cast('2003-01-01' as Date))
,( 31, cast(NULL as Date), cast(NULL as Date), cast(NULL as Date))
) as demoValues(id, Date1,Date2,Date3)
order by id
;
结果是:
MostRecent id Date1 Date2 Date3
2003-01-01 1 2001-01-01 2002-01-01 2003-01-01
2003-01-01 2 2001-01-01 2003-01-01 2002-01-01
2003-01-01 3 2002-01-01 2001-01-01 2002-01-01
2003-01-01 4 2002-01-01 2003-01-01 2001-01-01
2003-01-01 5 2003-01-01 2001-01-01 2002-01-01
2003-01-01 6 2003-01-01 2002-01-01 2001-01-01
2003-01-01 11 NULL 2002-01-01 2003-01-01
2003-01-01 12 NULL 2003-01-01 2002-01-01
2003-01-01 13 2003-01-01 NULL 2002-01-01
2003-01-01 14 2002-01-01 NULL 2003-01-01
2003-01-01 15 2003-01-01 2002-01-01 NULL
2003-01-01 16 2002-01-01 2003-01-01 NULL
2003-01-01 21 2003-01-01 NULL NULL
2003-01-01 22 NULL 2003-01-01 NULL
2003-01-01 23 NULL NULL 2003-01-01
NULL 31 NULL NULL NULL