如何搜索和替换文件中的文本?

如何使用python3搜索和替换文件中的文本?

这是我的代码:

import os
import sys
import fileinput

print ("Text to search for:")
textToSearch = input( "> " )

print ("Text to replace it with:")
textToReplace = input( "> " )

print ("File to perform Search-Replace on:")
fileToSearch  = input( "> " )
#fileToSearch = 'D:\dummy1.txt'

tempFile = open( fileToSearch, 'r+' )

for line in fileinput.input( fileToSearch ):
    if textToSearch in line :
        print('Match Found')
    else:
        print('Match Not Found!!')
    tempFile.write( line.replace( textToSearch, textToReplace ) )
tempFile.close()


input( '\n\n Press Enter to exit...' )

输入文件:

hi this is abcd hi this is abcd
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works abcd

当我在上面的输入文件中搜索并将“ram”替换为“abcd”时，它就像一个咒语。但当我反过来做，即替换'abcd'由'ram'，一些垃圾字符被留在最后。

将'abcd'替换为'ram'

hi this is ram hi this is ram
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works rambcd

当前回答

像这样:

def find_and_replace(file, word, replacement):
  with open(file, 'r+') as f:
    text = f.read()
    f.write(text.replace(word, replacement))

2020-01-17 07:08:12

其他回答

我的变种，在整个文件中一次一个词。

我把它读进了记忆。

def replace_word(infile,old_word,new_word):
    if not os.path.isfile(infile):
        print ("Error on replace_word, not a regular file: "+infile)
        sys.exit(1)

    f1=open(infile,'r').read()
    f2=open(infile,'w')
    m=f1.replace(old_word,new_word)
    f2.write(m)

2013-12-15 10:19:22

使用re.subn可以对替换过程进行更多的控制，例如将单词分成两行，区分大小写的匹配。此外，它返回匹配的数量，如果没有找到字符串，可以使用这些匹配来避免浪费资源。

import re

file = # path to file

# they can be also raw string and regex
textToSearch = r'Ha.*O' # here an example with a regex
textToReplace = 'hallo'

# read and replace
with open(file, 'r') as fd:
    # sample case-insensitive find-and-replace
    text, counter = re.subn(textToSearch, textToReplace, fd.read(), re.I)

# check if there is at least a  match
if counter > 0:
    # edit the file
    with open(file, 'w') as fd:
        fd.write(text)

# summary result
print(f'{counter} occurence of "{textToSearch}" were replaced with "{textToReplace}".')

一些正则表达式:

添加re.I标志，re.IGNORECASE的缩写形式，用于不区分大小写的匹配对于多行替换re.subn(r'\n*'.join(textToSearch)， textToReplace, fd.read()))，取决于数据也'\n{，1}'。注意，在这种情况下，textToSearch必须是纯字符串，而不是正则表达式!

2022-08-06 22:47:41

使用单个With块，您可以搜索和替换您的文本:

with open('file.txt','r+') as f:
    filedata = f.read()
    filedata = filedata.replace('abc','xyz')
    f.truncate(0)
    f.write(filedata)

2019-06-14 13:00:46

你可以在python中使用sed、awk或grep(有一些限制)。这里有一个非常简单的例子。它在文件中把香蕉变成香蕉牙膏。你可以编辑和使用它。(我测试过了…注意:如果你在Windows下测试，你应该先安装sed命令并设置路径)

import os 
file="a.txt"
oldtext="Banana"
newtext=" BananaToothpaste"
os.system('sed -i "s/{}/{}/g" {}'.format(oldtext,newtext,file))
#print(f'sed -i "s/{oldtext}/{newtext}/g" {file}')
print('This command was applied:  sed -i "s/{}/{}/g" {}'.format(oldtext,newtext,file))

如果你想直接在文件上看到结果，应用:"type" for windows/ "cat" for linux:

####FOR WINDOWS:
os.popen("type " + file).read()
####FOR LINUX:
os.popen("cat " + file).read()

2022-04-03 15:27:56

(pip install python-util)

from pyutil import filereplace

filereplace("somefile.txt","abcd","ram")

将所有出现的“abcd”替换为“ram”。该函数还通过指定regex=True来支持regex

from pyutil import filereplace

filereplace("somefile.txt","\\w+","ram",regex=True)

免责声明:我是作者(https://github.com/MisterL2/python-util)

2019-08-23 13:43:29

如何搜索和替换文件中的文本?

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