如何使用python3搜索和替换文件中的文本?
这是我的代码:
import os
import sys
import fileinput
print ("Text to search for:")
textToSearch = input( "> " )
print ("Text to replace it with:")
textToReplace = input( "> " )
print ("File to perform Search-Replace on:")
fileToSearch = input( "> " )
#fileToSearch = 'D:\dummy1.txt'
tempFile = open( fileToSearch, 'r+' )
for line in fileinput.input( fileToSearch ):
if textToSearch in line :
print('Match Found')
else:
print('Match Not Found!!')
tempFile.write( line.replace( textToSearch, textToReplace ) )
tempFile.close()
input( '\n\n Press Enter to exit...' )
输入文件:
hi this is abcd hi this is abcd
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works abcd
当我在上面的输入文件中搜索并将“ram”替换为“abcd”时，它就像一个咒语。但当我反过来做，即替换'abcd'由'ram'，一些垃圾字符被留在最后。
将'abcd'替换为'ram'
hi this is ram hi this is ram
This is dummy text file.
This is how search and replace works rambcd
(pip install python-util)
from pyutil import filereplace
filereplace("somefile.txt","abcd","ram")
将所有出现的“abcd”替换为“ram”。
该函数还通过指定regex=True来支持regex
from pyutil import filereplace
filereplace("somefile.txt","\\w+","ram",regex=True)
免责声明:我是作者(https://github.com/MisterL2/python-util)
正如Jack Aidley发布的和J.F. Sebastian指出的那样，这个代码是行不通的:
# Read in the file
filedata = None
with file = open('file.txt', 'r') :
filedata = file.read()
# Replace the target string
filedata.replace('ram', 'abcd')
# Write the file out again
with file = open('file.txt', 'w') :
file.write(filedata)`
但这段代码将工作(我已经测试过了):
f = open(filein,'r')
filedata = f.read()
f.close()
newdata = filedata.replace("old data","new data")
f = open(fileout,'w')
f.write(newdata)
f.close()
使用此方法，fileein和fileout可以是同一个文件，因为Python 3.3将在打开进行写入时覆盖该文件。
Besides the answers already mentioned, here is an explanation of why you have some random characters at the end:
You are opening the file in r+ mode, not w mode. The key difference is that w mode clears the contents of the file as soon as you open it, whereas r+ doesn't.
This means that if your file content is "123456789" and you write "www" to it, you get "www456789". It overwrites the characters with the new input, but leaves any remaining input untouched.
You can clear a section of the file contents by using truncate(<startPosition>), but you are probably best off saving the updated file content to a string first, then doing truncate(0) and writing it all at once.
Or you can use my library :D
(pip install python-util)
from pyutil import filereplace
filereplace("somefile.txt","abcd","ram")
将所有出现的“abcd”替换为“ram”。
该函数还通过指定regex=True来支持regex
from pyutil import filereplace
filereplace("somefile.txt","\\w+","ram",regex=True)
免责声明:我是作者(https://github.com/MisterL2/python-util)
