如何在Angular中动态加载外部脚本?

我有这个模块，它将外部库与额外的逻辑组件化，而不直接将<script>标记添加到index.html中:

import 'http://external.com/path/file.js'
//import '../js/file.js'

@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    template: `
        <script src="http://iknow.com/this/does/not/work/either/file.js"></script>
        <div>Template</div>`
})
export class MyAppComponent {...}

我注意到ES6规范的导入是静态的，并且是在TypeScript编译期间解析的，而不是在运行时。

总之，让它变得可配置，这样file。js就会从CDN或本地文件夹加载? 如何告诉Angular 2动态加载脚本?

当前回答

还有一种选择是利用scriptjs包来解决这个问题

允许您按需从任何URL加载脚本资源

例子

安装包:

npm i scriptjs

以及scriptjs的类型定义:

npm install --save @types/scriptjs

然后导入$script.get()方法:

import { get } from 'scriptjs';

最后加载脚本资源，在我们的例子中是谷歌Maps库:

export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  ngOnInit() {
    get("https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=", () => {
        //Google Maps library has been loaded...
    });
  }
}

Demo

2018-10-27 22:31:04

其他回答

您可以使用谷歌标签管理器来管理外部脚本，而无需进入代码。对于非技术用户和技术用户来说，这是一个完美的解决方案。

2021-03-27 16:09:45

@d123546 我遇到了同样的问题，现在使用ngAfterContentInit(生命周期钩子)在组件中工作，就像这样:

import { Component, OnInit, AfterContentInit } from '@angular/core';
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
import { ScriptService } from '../../script.service';

@Component({
    selector: 'app-players-list',
    templateUrl: './players-list.component.html',
    styleUrls: ['./players-list.component.css'],
    providers: [ ScriptService ]
})
export class PlayersListComponent implements OnInit, AfterContentInit {

constructor(private router: Router, private script: ScriptService) {
}

ngOnInit() {
}

ngAfterContentInit() {
    this.script.load('filepicker', 'rangeSlider').then(data => {
    console.log('script loaded ', data);
    }).catch(error => console.log(error));
}

2017-10-15 21:49:43

我希望能够:

Add a script when the app is being bootstrapped Not do it from a component, because it doesn't feel like it's any component's responsibility Not do it from a directive, because of the same reason as the component Not do it from a service, because unless there's some kind of heavy logic related to an existing service, this doesn't belong IMO to a service Avoid doing it in a module. A module could be fine but it's not as flexible as just using DI and since Angular 15 standalone components are stable so why bother with a module

也就是说，为了在应用程序引导之前做到这一点，这有点棘手。因为我们在那个阶段没有可用的渲染器，并且我们不能访问包含nativeElement的elementRef。

下面是我的看法:

export const YOUR_EXT_LIB_URL_TOKEN = new InjectionToken<string>('YOUR_EXT_LIB_URL_TOKEN');

export const YOUR_SETUP: Provider = {
  provide: APP_INITIALIZER,
  multi: true,
  useFactory: (
    doc: InjectionTokenType<typeof DOCUMENT>,
    rendererFactory: RendererFactory2,
    yourExternalLibToken: string,
  ) => {
    const renderer = rendererFactory.createRenderer(null, null);

    const script = renderer.createElement('script');
    script.type = 'text/javascript';
    script.src = yourExternalLibToken;
    renderer.appendChild(doc.body, script);

    return () => true;
  },
  deps: [DOCUMENT, RendererFactory2, YOUR_EXT_LIB_URL_TOKEN],
};

然后，您所要做的就是提供YOUR_EXT_LIB_URL_TOKEN并传递YOUR_SETUP提供程序。

这样，所有东西都是通过DI注入的，非常灵活。例如，您可以在共享库中提供YOUR_SETUP令牌，并在使用共享库的不同应用程序中提供YOUR_EXT_LIB_URL_TOKEN。

2022-11-29 16:31:18

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import * as $ from 'jquery';

interface Script {
    src: string;
    loaded: boolean;
}

@Injectable()
export class ScriptLoaderService {
    public _scripts: Script[] = [];

    /**
     * @deprecated
     * @param tag
     * @param {string} scripts
     * @returns {Promise<any[]>}
     */
    load(tag, ...scripts: string[]) {
        scripts.forEach((src: string) => {
            if (!this._scripts[src]) {
                this._scripts[src] = { src: src, loaded: false };
            }
        });

        const promises: any[] = [];
        scripts.forEach(src => promises.push(this.loadScript(tag, src)));

        return Promise.all(promises);
    }

    /**
     * Lazy load list of scripts
     * @param tag
     * @param scripts
     * @param loadOnce
     * @returns {Promise<any[]>}
     */
    loadScripts(tag, scripts, loadOnce?: boolean) {
        debugger;
        loadOnce = loadOnce || false;

        scripts.forEach((script: string) => {
            if (!this._scripts[script]) {
                this._scripts[script] = { src: script, loaded: false };
            }
        });

        const promises: any[] = [];
        scripts.forEach(script => promises.push(this.loadScript(tag, script, loadOnce)));

        return Promise.all(promises);
    }

    /**
     * Lazy load a single script
     * @param tag
     * @param {string} src
     * @param loadOnce
     * @returns {Promise<any>}
     */
    loadScript(tag, src: string, loadOnce?: boolean) {
        debugger;
        loadOnce = loadOnce || false;

        if (!this._scripts[src]) {
            this._scripts[src] = { src: src, loaded: false };
        }

        return new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
            // resolve if already loaded
            if (this._scripts[src].loaded && loadOnce) {
                resolve({ src: src, loaded: true });
            } else {
                // load script tag
                const scriptTag = $('<script/>')
                    .attr('type', 'text/javascript')
                    .attr('src', this._scripts[src].src);

                $(tag).append(scriptTag);

                this._scripts[src] = { src: src, loaded: true };
                resolve({ src: src, loaded: true });
            }
        });
    }

    reloadOnSessionChange() {
        window.addEventListener('storage', function(data) {
            if (data['key'] === 'token' && data['oldValue'] == null && data['newValue']) {
                document.location.reload();
            }
        });
    }
}

2019-03-19 13:59:59