我想比较两个数组。。。理想地、有效地。没有什么稀奇古怪的,如果它们是相同的,那就是真的,如果不是,那就是假的。毫不奇怪,比较运算符似乎不起作用。

var a1 = [1,2,3];
var a2 = [1,2,3];
console.log(a1==a2);    // Returns false
console.log(JSON.stringify(a1)==JSON.stringify(a2));    // Returns true

JSON对每个数组进行编码,但是否有一种更快或“更好”的方法来简单地比较数组而不必遍历每个值?


当前回答

另一种代码很少的方法(使用Array reduce和Array includes):

arr1.length == arr2.length && arr1.reduce((a, b) => a && arr2.includes(b), true)

如果还要比较顺序的相等性:

arr1.length == arr2.length && arr1.reduce((a, b, i) => a && arr2[i], true)

长度检查确保一个数组中的元素集不仅仅是另一个数组的子集。缩减器用于遍历一个数组并搜索另一个数组中的每个项。如果找不到一项,reduce函数将返回false。在第一个示例中,正在测试是否包含元素第二个示例也检查订单

其他回答

我喜欢将Undercore库用于数组/对象密集型编码项目。。。在Undercore和Lodash中,无论您是比较数组还是对象,它看起来都是这样的:

_.isEqual(array1, array2)   // returns a boolean
_.isEqual(object1, object2) // returns a boolean

Undercore is Equal文档Lodash isEqual文档

这将比较2个未排序的数组:

function areEqual(a, b) {
  if ( a.length != b.length) {
    return false;
  }
  return a.filter(function(i) {
    return !b.includes(i);
  }).length === 0;  
}

我的解决方案比较对象,而不是数组。这将以与Tomáš相同的方式工作,因为数组是对象,但没有警告:

Object.prototype.compare_to = function(comparable){
    
    // Is the value being compared an object
    if(comparable instanceof Object){
        
        // Count the amount of properties in @comparable
        var count_of_comparable = 0;
        for(p in comparable) count_of_comparable++;
        
        // Loop through all the properties in @this
        for(property in this){
            
            // Decrements once for every property in @this
            count_of_comparable--;
            
            // Prevents an infinite loop
            if(property != "compare_to"){
                
                // Is the property in @comparable
                if(property in comparable){
                    
                    // Is the property also an Object
                    if(this[property] instanceof Object){
                        
                        // Compare the properties if yes
                        if(!(this[property].compare_to(comparable[property]))){
                            
                            // Return false if the Object properties don't match
                            return false;
                        }
                    // Are the values unequal
                    } else if(this[property] !== comparable[property]){
                        
                        // Return false if they are unequal
                        return false;
                    }
                } else {
                
                    // Return false if the property is not in the object being compared
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
    } else {
        
        // Return false if the value is anything other than an object
        return false;
    }
    
    // Return true if their are as many properties in the comparable object as @this
    return count_of_comparable == 0;
}

我会这样做:

[2,3,4,5] == [2,3,4,5].toString()

当您使用“==”运算符时,javascript检查值(左侧和右侧)是否是相同的类型,如果是不同的,javascript尝试将两边转换为相同的类型。

Array == String

Array具有toString方法,因此javascript使用它将它们转换为相同的类型,工作方式如下:

[2,3,4,5].toString() == [2,3,4,5].toString()

与JSON.encode相同的行是使用join()。

function checkArrays( arrA, arrB ){

    //check if lengths are different
    if(arrA.length !== arrB.length) return false;


    //slice so we do not effect the original
    //sort makes sure they are in order
    //join makes it a string so we can do a string compare
    var cA = arrA.slice().sort().join(","); 
    var cB = arrB.slice().sort().join(",");

    return cA===cB;

}

var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = [5,4,3,2,1];
var c = [1,2,3,4];
var d = [1,2,3,4,6];
var e = ["1","2","3","4","5"];  //will return true

console.log( checkArrays(a,b) );  //true
console.log( checkArrays(a,c) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,d) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,e) );  //true

唯一的问题是,如果您关心上次比较测试的类型。如果你关心类型,你将不得不循环。

function checkArrays( arrA, arrB ){

    //check if lengths are different
    if(arrA.length !== arrB.length) return false;

    //slice so we do not effect the orginal
    //sort makes sure they are in order
    var cA = arrA.slice().sort(); 
    var cB = arrB.slice().sort();

    for(var i=0;i<cA.length;i++){
         if(cA[i]!==cB[i]) return false;
    }

    return true;

}

var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = [5,4,3,2,1];
var c = [1,2,3,4];
var d = [1,2,3,4,6];
var e = ["1","2","3","4","5"];

console.log( checkArrays(a,b) );  //true
console.log( checkArrays(a,c) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,d) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,e) );  //false

如果顺序应该保持不变,而不是循环,则不需要排序。

function checkArrays( arrA, arrB ){

    //check if lengths are different
    if(arrA.length !== arrB.length) return false;


    for(var i=0;i<arrA.length;i++){
         if(arrA[i]!==arrB[i]) return false;
    }

    return true;

}

var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
var b = [5,4,3,2,1];
var c = [1,2,3,4];
var d = [1,2,3,4,6];
var e = ["1","2","3","4","5"];

console.log( checkArrays(a,a) );  //true
console.log( checkArrays(a,b) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,c) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,d) );  //false
console.log( checkArrays(a,e) );  //false